In a complex, smart card based system this feature turns smart cards from passive datastorage devices into active computational units. In fact they contain a tamper resistant secure one-chip microcomputer able to execute various cryptographic functions. Moreover, their potential can be extended after the issuance of the card by uploading various new applications. However, the limited resources ...

This article presents a novel approach to the problem of bytecode verification for Java Card applets. By relying on prior off-card bytecode transformations, we simplify the bytecode verifier and reduce its memory requirements to the point where it can be embedded on a smart card, thus increasing significantly the security of post-issuance downloading of applets on Java Cards. This article descr...

With regulations on deposit rates and on-balance-sheet lending, Chinese banks have significantly increased off-balance-sheet activities in recent years, most notably by issuing wealth management products. We examine the relationship between the product characteristics and the issuing banks and find that (1) the scale of product issuance is greater for banks constrained more by on-balance-sheet ...

this paper suggests a security framework for egovernment systems. The proposed system is a dynamic web application, represents a secure e-government model, provides the three main security services (authentication, confidentiality and integrity) and could be applied as a security reference model for e-government applications. National ID and password authentication scheme has been used in authe...

Digital asset management is one of promising applications of blockchain technology. Blockchains could provide principal disintermediation between digital asset issuers, application developers and consumers and decouple tasks related to asset management, such as issuance, transaction processing, securing users’ funds and establishing users’ identities. This paper outlines basic components of blo...

Abstract This paper examines whether a premium for green bonds, called “greenium”, found in previous studies, exists primary and secondary bond markets. Using universe of about 2000 180,000 non-green bonds from 650 international issuers, we apply both propensity score matching coarsened exact to determine sample conventional that is most similar the bonds. We find have larger issue sizes lower ...