ion from a cysteine thiol, which then catalyzes the reduction of ribonucleotides (Figure 1.3). While the overall mechanism of this reaction varies greatly from that of the isomerases, in every case, the reaction involves abstraction of a hydrogen atom by Ado*. 1.2.3. Adenosylcobalamin transport and activation For AdoCbl-dependent isomerases in the absence of substrate, the cobalamin homolysis p...

An accurate system-bath model to investigate the quantum dynamics of hydrogen atoms chemisorbed on graphene is presented. The system comprises a hydrogen atom and the carbon atom from graphene that forms the covalent bond, and it is described by a previously developed 4D potential energy surface based on density functional theory ab initio data. The bath describes the rest of the carbon lattice...

We investigated the effect of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) on in vivo protein folding of human lysozyme (h-LZM) in a specially constructed yeast coexpression system. Coexpression with PDI increased the amounts of intracellular h-LZM with the native conformation, leading to an increase in h-LZM secretion. The results indicated that PDI is a real catalyst of protein folding in the cell. The ...

Amphioxus insulin-like peptide (AILP) belongs to the insulin superfamily and is proposed as the common ancestor of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1. Herein, the studies on oxidative refolding and reductive unfolding of AILP are reported. During the refolding process, four major intermediates, P1, P2, P3, and P4, were captured, which were almost identical to those intermediates, U1, U2, ...

A short synthetic approach to fused 1,2,5-thiadiazoles from the corresponding 1,2,5-oxadiazoles and 1,2,5-selenadiazoles has been developed. Mono- and bis(1,2,5-thiadiazoles) were selectively obtained in high yields. The pathways for these novel reactions were discussed.