Muslim-majority countries do not use formal financial services (Honohon 2007).1 Even when financial services are available, some people view conventional products as incompatible with the financial principles set forth in Islamic law. In recent years, some microfinance institutions (MFIs) have stepped in to service low-income Muslim clients who demand products consistent with Islamic financial ...

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Parsian Institute of Higher Education, Qazvin, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer and IT, Islamic Azad University, Parand Branch, Parand, Tehran, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj...

Introduction. The presented article touches upon one of the serious religious problems Russian history, phenomenon “sects”. author, with help provincial periodical press Orthodox Church, tried to highlight activities sectarians in second half 19th century until end First World War. significance material is undoubtedly, especially context emergence new radical sects. To these days, too much depe...

AND INTRODUCTION The history of early India saw drastic social, political, and economic changes through its many ages and eras. Every time period had its unique interweaving of opposing and coalescing forces that set the dynamics for the culture of the time. These dynamics had far-reaching consequences, one of which was a profound influence of the ideology, practice, and development of religiou...

The rhetoric of Islamic banking – exemplified in this opening quote by one of the industry’s most prominent pioneers – is derived from its historical evolution as a model of two-tier silent partnership. In fact, Islamic banks have mimicked conventional bank assets – from receivables to bonds, with credit sale and lease-backed debt instruments. In the meantime, Islamic banks have continued to re...

1Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran 2Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran 3Physiology Department, Medicine Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran 4Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hamadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, ...

The concept of Islamic or Shariah-compliant finance is based on core tenets of Islam concerning property rights, social and economic justice, wealth distribution, and governance. One of the key features of the system is prohibition of riba (interest) and gharar (ambiguous contracts or deals) (Kabir and Mahlkrecht 2011, 74; El-Gamal 2009, 58–60). There is consensus among scholars that the prohib...

In 1979, a religious revolution took place in Iran. This was led by Ayatollah Khomeini. His understanding and interpretation of the Qur'an were reflected shaping management important decisions country after revolution. Studying his interpretations is great importance today's research study aims to examine Khomeini's Qur'an. Khomeini did not write book on Qur'anic exegesis; however, themes tafsi...