background & aim: spinal cord injury (sci) has a very long history, and its cases form a large proportion of patients admitted to trauma centers in iran. studies show that repair after spinal cord injury can be done. in fact, many pharmaceutical agents, such as erythropoietin (epo), are applied to reduce secondary injury following the initial disorder and to maintain the nerve tissue. methods &...

background: external causes of death are still among the main causes of death in the countries of the former soviet :union:. we studied epidemiology of injuries among elderly in a typical kazakhstani city. methods: data on all injuries among individuals aged 60 yr or older in the city of semey (former semipalatinsk) from 2010 to 2012 was collected from medical files. we present absolute numbers...

many experimental studies have reported behavioral improvement after transplantation of peripheral nerve tissue into the contused spinal cord, even in large animals. the safety of this treatment in human remains unknown. in this translational phase 1 study, safety of peripheral nerve grafting for chronic spinal cord injuries and possible outcomes are being reported. twelve complete motor spinal...

the first necessary step in researches to treat spinal cord injuries (sci) is to understand complexities related to the neurophysiology and neurobiology changes of human sci with stem cell therapy(sct). the aim of this study is to identify these changes. the level of injuries is important in treatment and determination of this injury (whether it is complete, incomplete, or discomplete) is valua...

prevalence of spinal cord injury (sci) in iran is considerable and developing a national registry is substantial. registry can be a foundation of efforts for patient care improvement, clinical research facilitation, preventative strategy formulation and policymaking for better support of patients. with respect to long-term and multiple consequents of the lesions that will have a negative impact...

cortical spreading depression (csd) are associated with dramatic failure of brain ion homeostasis, efflux of excitatory amino acids from nerve cells, increased energy metabolism and changes in cerebral blood flow. there is strong clinical and experimental evidence to suggest that csd is involved in the mechanism of migraine, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury. therefore,...

objective: an assessment of  nonoperative and operative intervention in regards  to  neurological  improvement  following  traumatic  closed  cervical spinal cord injury (csci). method: a retrospective evaluation of a cohort of patients with a csci from c3 to t1 was reviewed. the analysis included a total of 13 eligible patients. the  neurologic  and  functional outcomes  were  recorded  from  ...

spinal cord injury (sci) leads to loss of nervous tissue and consequently to catastrophic neurological deficits. up to now there is no definite treatment available that restores the loss of function to a degree that an independent life can be guaranteed.this justifies the cost of research into the new modalities for a treatment of scis. in current paper, recent developments and new approaches i...

abstract the leg is a complex district with functions of weightbearing support, stability, and motility. the management of extensive and complex defects is more challenging and often results in leg amputation or shortening. leg amputation is a severe mutilation that alters the patient’s work and social life by limiting ambulation and self-sufficiency. during a 3 years period we treated four pat...

abstract introduction: resent studies have been shown beneficial effects of hyperoxia pretreatment against ischemia-reperfusion injury in different organs. the aim of the present study was to investigate early and late effects of normobaric hyperoxia (≥95% o2) pretreatment on ischemia-reperfusion injuries in isolated rat hearts. methods: following 60 and 180 minutes of hyperoxia, rat hearts wer...