Acrolein is a powerful irritant. Due to its highly reactive nature, the effects of acrolein are generally limited to the site of contact; skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Inhalation exposure to low levels (≤ 1 ppm) causes irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. Moderately higher exposures may result in severe lacrimation, and irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. Death d...

Modi Chetna D. 83 Ph. D. Thesis 3.3. Review of work done on Methotrexate Laxmi et al. 52 showed the preparation of niosomal MTX in chitosan gel and test the same of irritation and sensitization on healthy human volunteers and also comparing its efficacy with a marketed MTX gel in the treatment of localized psoriasis. Results showed that no significant irritation and sensitization is produced fr...