it has been shown that stress and chronic pain could prevent the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia, which appears to be related to the activation of hypothalamus–pitutitary–adrenal (hpa) axis, activation of neuroendocrine systems and changes in neurochemical levels. moreover, the involvement of nitric oxide (no) in the development of tolerance to morphine analgesia has been implica...

sub chronic exposure to lead in rats slows gastric emptying, but little is known about the effects of lead on gastric secretion. this study was designed to investigate the effects of lead on gastric acid secretion and its possible mechanisms in rats. lead acetate was dissolved in drinking water in a concentration of 1%. sodium acetate-containing water with a molar concentration similar to lead ...

background: hypomagnesaemia is one of the main side effects of cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens in cancer patients. the aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the effect of oral magnesium oxide (mgo) supplementation on cisplatin-induced hypomagnesemia. methods: this parallel-randomized controlled, open label trial was conducted in a hospital of iran university of medical sciences...

introduction: infertility is a common phenomenon in modern societies. today, use of assisted reproductive technologies (arts) for treatment of infertility is common, and cryopreservation is one of these technologies. cryopreservation has impact on the function and percentage of fertility of human sperm. in this study, motility, viability, nitric oxide, and dna apoptosis were assessed before and...

nitric oxide is an important vasorelaxant factor that it inhibits platelet adhesion and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. no is synthesized from l-arginine by means of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (enos) which is an isoform of  nitric oxide synthase.in the present study, we examined  possible association between the 27 base pair (bp) repeat  polymorphism in intron 4 of the  enos3 gene ...

increased nitric oxide (no) formation is mechanistically linked to pathophysiology of the extrahepatic complications of cirrhosis. no is formed by either enzymatic or non-enzymatic pathways. enzymatic production is catalyzed by no synthase (nos) while entero-salivary circulation of nitrate and nitrite is linked to non-enzymatic formation of no under acidic ph in the stomach. there is no data on...

the combination of graphene and nickel oxide nanoparticles yields nanostructured electrochemical sensor formed a novel kind of structurally uniform and electrocatalytic activity material. in cyclic voltammetry studies, in the presence of epinephrine, nickel oxide / graphene  composite modified electrode shows a significantly higher current response for epinephrine oxidation. based on differenti...

abstract introduction: matrix metalloproteinase 2 is one of the inflammatory mediators that is involved in nociceptive processing and its production is regulated by many inflammatory factors such as nitric oxide. we studied the role of mmp-2 on the analgesic effects of nnos inhibitor. methods: considering that nitric oxide has many roles in pain processing, we studied the csf levels of mmp-2 af...

introduction: cigarette smoking affects nitric oxide production. the aim of this study was to determine associations between tobacco smoke and serum nitric oxide metabolites (nox) concentration. methods: serum nox concentration was measured by the griess method in 230 nonsmokers, 238 active, 196 passive and 29 waterpipe smokers. subjects were selected from participants of tehran lipid and gluco...

cobalt oxide (co3o4) nanoparticleshave been synthesized by hydrothermal method using mixture of cobalt(ii)chloride, triton x-100 and koh in an autoclave at 180 °c for 6 h followed by heating at 400 ºc for 3 h in air. the product have been characterized by fourier transform infrared (ft-ir), uv-vis spectroscopy, powder x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem) and transmission ...