Head injuries are relatively common in football, accounting for up to 22% of all injuries in the sport(1). A significant fraction of these injuries are concussions, which are states of neural dysfunction resulting from head trauma in which there is the possibility of auditory abnormalities may also be observed as part of the concussive state. Concussions in football players have been linked wit...

Analyzing football score data with statistical techniques, we investigate how the not purely random, but highly co-operative nature of the game is reflected in averaged properties such as the probability distributions of scored goals for the home and away teams. As it turns out, especially the tails of the distributions are not well described by the Poissonian or binomial model resulting from t...

Analyzing football score data with statistical techniques, we investigate how the not purely random, but highly co-operative nature of the game is reflected in averaged properties such as the probability distributions of scored goals for the home and away teams. As it turns out, especially the tails of the distributions are not well described by the Poissonian or binomial model resulting from t...

Abstract Analyzing football score data with statistical techniques, we investigate how the not purely random, but highly co-operative nature of the game is reflected in averaged properties such as the probability distributions of scored goals for the home and away teams. As it turns out, especially the tails of the distributions are not well described by the Poissonian or binomial model resulti...

Coaches, fans and the media identify successful football performance as finishing as high in the league as possible. Recently, research has indicated that possession, shots at goal, and goals scored are key performance indicators for successful football teams. There is however, a lack of understanding of other potential attacking and defensive performance variables that may contribute to succes...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the association between MCT1 rs1049434 polymorphism and indirect muscle injuries in elite football players. One hundred and seventy-three male elite Italian football players (age = 19.2 ± 5.3 years) were recruited from a first-league football club participating at the Official National Italian Football Championship (Serie A, Primavera, Allievi...

CONCERN EXISTS ABOUT THE cardiovascular health implications of large size among professional football players and those players who aspire to professional status. An estimated 4.3 million youth ages 6 to 17 years participated in football in 2000 in the United States, including tackle, touch, and flag football. A 2005-2006 high school participation survey estimated that 1.1 million students part...

Since rugby union became a professional sport in 1995 its popularity has increased such that the Six Nations Championship in 2014 had a higher average attendance per game than either the UEFA Euro Cup 2012 or the FIFA World Cup 2014. 2 3 Rugby (both union and league) is the third most popular team contact sport worldwide. Rugby union is played in around 120 countries and rugby league in around ...

This paper describes a model for the emergence of a visual communication language in a team of robot football. The method is based on using visual stimuli for the transmission of information between players. In order to represent visual stimuli and their meanings, the paper presents visual signs as an abstract and grounded representation. The model and methods presented here are experimentally ...