* The authors would like to thank wholeheartedly the editor and the anonymous referees for their insightful comments and great help with the publication of this paper. Abstract Through a thematic analysis of 45 in-depth interviews via the theoretical frameworks of the theory of reasoned action and culture change, this study explores the grass roots voices concerning Chinese copyright piracy of ...

A flexible, efficient and straightforward methodology for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I)-amide complexes is reported. Reaction of the versatile building block [Au(OH)(IPr)] (1) (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) with a series of commercially available (hetero)aromatic amines leads to the synthesis of several [Au(NRR')(IPr)] complexes in good yields and wit...

Neutral, formally Fe(IV) alkylidene species are sought as plausible olefin metathesis catalysts, and the synthesis of several is described herein. The complexes are prepared via nucleophilic attack (Nu = MeLi, PhCH2K, 2-picolyllithium, Me2PCH2Li, MePhPCH2Li, Ph2PCH2Li) at the imine of cationic [mer-{κ-C,N,C-(C6H4-yl)-2-CH=N(2-C6H4-C(iPr)=)}Fe(PMe3)3][B(3,5-CF3-C6H3)4]. In contrast, MeMgCl and m...

This paper considers the problem of scheduling a set of precedence-related tasks on a nonpreemptive homogeneous message-passing multiprocessor system in order to minimize the makespan, that is, the completion time of the last task relative to start time of the first task. We propose a family of scheduling algorithms, called IPR for immediate predecessor rescheduling, which utilize one level of ...

The AgCl, AgOAc, AuCl, and AuOAc complexes of the new bis(imino)acenaphthene(BIAN)-supported N-heterocyclic carbene ligand and the precursor imidazolium salt have been investigated with respect to their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Psudomonas aeruginosa. The most active antimicrobial is the precursor imidazolium salt, which has ...

1 Institute for Real-Time Computer Control Systems & Robotics (IPR), o. Prof. Dr.-Ing. H. Wörn, o. Prof. Dr.-Ing. U. Rembold, and Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Dillmann, University of Karlsruhe, Faculty for Informatics, P.O. Box 69 80, D76128 Karlsruhe, Germany, E-Mail: [email protected]. Further information can be found in the Web pages of the PaRo group (Parallel Robotics) of the IPR at http://wwwipr.i...

The intellectual property rights (IPR) landscape for plant germplasm has changed dramatically over the past 50 years, moving from the public domain into proprietary structures. Using carrot as a model crop, we explored the freedom to operate for plant breeding and research in relation to the diversity present in 140 commercially available cultivars in the United States. To determine freedom to ...

In this paper, we analyze the issue of optimal tariffs when the Northern and Southern firms compete in quantities in an imperfectly competitive Northern market and there are Ž . potentially varying degrees of intellectual property rights IPR violation by the South. IPR Ž . violation is reflected through the leakage of technological knowledge ‘‘spillovers’’ from the Northern to the Southern firm...

We report herein the characterization of electrophilic, trigonal bipyramidal {[SiP(3)(R)]Pt(L)}(+) cations ([SiP(3)(R)] = [(2-R(2)PC(6)H(4))(3)Si]; R = Ph, (i)Pr) that feature weakly coordinated ligands including CH(2)Cl(2), Et(2)O, toluene, and H(2). A cationic toluene adduct that shows a close platinum aryl C-H σ-contact is perhaps most noteworthy in this context. For the isopropyl-substitute...