Some of the most active scientific research fronts of the past decade are centered on ionic liquids. These fluids present characteristic surface behavior and distinctive trends of their surface tension versus temperature. One way to explore and understand their unique nature is to study their surface properties. This critical review analyses most of the surface tension data reported between 200...

Wear phenomena understanding of implants is a challenge: friction-corrosion of biomaterials, which constitute orthopaedic implants, is a significant issue concerning the aseptic loosening. This work aims at studying AISI 316L/bone cement friction which is a tribological problem related to hip joint cemented prostheses. This study focuses on the ionic strength effect on the tribological behaviou...

The evidence is now strong that magnesium plays an important role in the interactions between myosin, actin and ATP which are associated with the physiological activity of muscle. Although calcium activates the adenosine triphosphatase ofboth L-myosin and isolated myofibrils, in the presence of this cation alone neither contraction (Ashley, Arasimavicius & Hass, 1956) nor relaxation (Bendall, 1...

Silicon nanowire field effect transistors (FETs) have emerged as ultrasensitive, label-free biodetectors that operate by sensing bound surface charge. However, the ionic strength of the environment (i.e., the Debye length of the solution) dictates the effective magnitude of the surface charge. Here, we show that control of the Debye length determines the spatial extent of sensed bound surface c...

Experiments in which single molecules of RNA and DNA are stretched, and the resulting force as a function of extension is measured have yielded new information about the physical, chemical and biological properties of these important molecules. The behavior of both single-stranded and double-stranded nucleic acids under changing solution conditions, such as ionic strength, pH and temperature, h...

BACKGROUND In the recent study, optimum operational conditions of cathode compartment of microbial fuel cell were determined by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a central composite design to maximize power density and COD removal. METHODS The interactive effects of parameters such as, pH, buffer concentration and ionic strength on power density and COD removal were evaluated in t...

Surfactant-free emulsion polymerization involving a nonionic, and hence uncharged initiator presents a new approach towards environmentally friendly procedures to synthesize latex particles. Under optimal solvent conditions, notably pH and ionic strength, the latex particles are stabilized by the natural development of ionic charge at the surface of the particles. We emphasize that the present ...

Due to intermolecular interactions, the surface composition of mixed self-assembled monolayers often differs markedly from the solution composition. In the case of charged surfactants, large deviations from the ideality have been reported. The effect of the electrostatic interactions between charged compounds on the surface composition is examined using a simple gas lattice model, in the Bragg-...

The ideal Donnan potential of an ionized polyelectrolyte medium is shown to be an approximate solution to a system of Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equations for a periodic array of charged plates in an electrolyte bath. This result, derived using homogenization and scaling methods, demonstrates that the macrocontinuum, thermodynamic Donnan, and statistical mechanical PB models describe the same pheno...

The accumulation of colloidal particles to build dense structures from dilute suspensions may follow distinct routes. The mechanical, structural and geometrical properties of these structures depend on local hydrodynamics and colloidal interactions. Using model suspensions flowing into microfabricated porous obstacles, we investigate this interplay by tuning both the flow pattern and the ionic ...