Aims To study whether the preparation procedure, and its acidic heating conditions, used by heroin users to prepare for intravenous administration affects final composition of fluid be injected. Methods Samples from different seizures illegal provided Norwegian police were prepared adding water ascorbic acid before under controlled conditions in laboratory. Further, three with amounts or citric...

OBJECTIVE This study assessed conversion factors utilized by physicians to transfer postoperative patients from intravenous opioids to oral controlled-release (CR) oxycodone and the subsequent analgesic effectiveness. DESIGN This was a multicenter, open-label, usual-use study of 189 hospitalized postoperative patients receiving opioid (usually morphine) intravenous patient-controlled analgesi...

BACKGROUND Intractable pain occurs as a result of extensive damage to soft tissue, bones and muscles after fusion of lumbar spondylolisthesis. Although different drugs and protocols have been suggested for postoperative pain management, the best method of treatment has not been proposed yet. Therefore, this study tried to compare the efficacy of ketamine infusion and routine opioid administrati...

BACKGROUND Our aim was to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) titrated morphine with nebulized morphine given at 2 different doses in severe traumatic pain. METHODS In a prospective, randomized, controlled double-blind study, we included 300 patients with severe traumatic pain. They were assigned to 3 groups: Neb10 group received 1 nebulization of 10-mg morphine; Neb20 group r...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Esmolol is known to have no analgesic activity and no anaesthetic properties; however, it could potentiate the reduction in anaesthetic requirements and reduce postoperative analgesic use. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of intravenous esmolol infusion on intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumptions as well as its effect on depth of ana...

The project "Infusion Therapy at Home" studied the practice of parenteral infusion therapy at home. Among the treatment modalities was the administration of morphine infusions to terminally ill patients. With infusion of morphine, patients were pain-free on 73% of the treatment days. Quality of care, quality of life, and costs were acceptable.

Introduction: We previously reported a case using caudal morphine for pediatric liver transplantation. A 3-yr-old, 14.9 kg child received a caudal injection of 0.6 mg of preservative free morphine sulfate as well as 110 mcg of intravenous fentanyl. Also, the surgical incisions were infiltrated with 20 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine1. However, a question arose as to the impact of the local anesthetic ...

Opioid rotation has been proposed for management of cancer pain. No studies directly investigating dose equivalence between morphine injection (continuous IV administration) and the transdermal fentanyl patch have been reported. Therefore, we examined dose conversion ratios in patients undergoing opioid rotation from morphine injection to fentanyl patches. The subjects consisted of 45 patients ...