I f you were at least five years old on 20 July 1969, then you know exactly where you were when Neil Armstrong became the first human to walk on the moon. With that act, America won the space race. Safely going to and returning from the moon was a long-term goal that required solving a myriad of related technical problems. It took concerted resolve to overcome this heretofore intractable scient...

Intractable epilepsy can stem from numerous causes, including brain tumors. Here we describe an unusual presentation of a child with medically refractory epilepsy and developmental delay. She was determined to be an atypical case for epilepsy surgery due to the presence of multifocal lesions on MRI and poorly localizable ictal and interictal EEG features. A surgical resection was performed on t...

OBJECTIVE Ascites usually complicates chronic liver disease, and some patients with ascites are refractory to medical treatment. Recently, saphenoperitoneal shunt (SPS) was described to treat this condition. This procedure avoids the insertion of a foreign expensive shunt into the circulation. We present our experience with this procedure with some modification in the technique. METHODS We pe...

Tetanus is a rare disease in the United States. Fewer than 40 cases are reported annually because of the high incidence of vaccination. Recognition of the clinical presentations is important because laboratory recovery of pathogen is only 30%, and toxin detection is rare because of consumption at motor neurons. We report a case of tetanus in an elderly man who had a reaction to tetanus vaccinat...

Although carbuncles are commonly seen and may heal on their own or respond well to treatment, in rare conditions, bacteria from carbuncles can spread into the bloodstream and migrate to other areas of the body. Herein, we report on an elderly female who suffered from forehead carbuncle with intractable headache, later confirmed as having subgaleal abscess. Physicians should pay special attentio...