The techniques of power recycling and signal recycling have proven as key concepts to increase the sensitivity of large-scale gravitational wave detectors by independent resonant enhancement of light power and signal sidebands within the interferometer. Developing the latter concept further, twin signal recycling was proposed as an alternative to conventional detuned signal recycling. Twin sign...

We report the use of a tunable differential interferometer for optical tomography. This interferometer has several advantages over other methods for phase measurements in optical tomography, including good stability, variable sensitivity, and the elimination of fringe ambiguity. Quantitative images of the gas concentrations in subsonic jets of methane and oxygen issuing into air are presented, ...

We show that it is possible to find and characterise optical vortices in a speckle pattern using a multi-pinhole interferometer. This measurement does not require an interferometric setup, providing great experimental ease. In addition, a multi-pinhole interferometer can be made arbitrarily large and can therefore be adjusted to the expected speckle size. We present experimental results confirm...

A new scheme for generating amplitude squeezed light by means of soliton self-phase modulation is experimentally demonstrated. By injecting 180-fs pulses into an equivalent Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer, a maximum noise reduction of 4.4± 0.3 dB is obtained (6.3± 0.6 dB when corrected for losses). The dependence of noise reduction on the interferometer splitting ratio and fiber length is stu...

A new real-time interferometer based on diffraction phenomena is discussed. It consists of a point-diffraction interferometer fabricated on a transmission grating. The real-time data-analysis capability is achieved by simultaneously introducing a phase shift (piston) on the three separate channels of diffracted interferograms. Mathematical analysis and preliminary observational results are incl...

A neutron interferometric test of interaction-free detection of the presence of an absorbing object in one arm of a neutron interferometer has been performed. Despite deviations from the ideal performance characteristics of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer it could be shown that information is obtained without interaction.

We present a novel approach to generating radially and azimuthally polarized vector beams that utilize an interferometer constructed from two identical diffractive optical elements. The measured polarization properties of four vector beam states and their phase relationships are in good agreement with theoretical expectations. This interferometer is passively phase stable and robust, making it ...

A new configuration for optical vortex interferometer (OVI) is presented. The OVI makes use of dual arm interferometric architecture in which one of the arms contains a Sagnac interferometer. The vortex lattice is generated using superposition of three plane waves or spherical waves of same curvature.

Sensitivity limits of ground-based infrared interferometers using aperture synthesis are presented. The motivation of this analysis is to compare an interferometer composed of multiple large telescopes and a single giant telescope with adaptive optics. In deriving these limits, perfect wavefront correction by adaptive optics and perfect cophasing by fringe tracking are assumed. We consider the ...

The ASEPS-O Testbed Interferometer is a long-baseline infrared interferometer optimized for high-accuracy narrow-angle astrometry. It is being constructed by JPL for NASA as a testbed for the future Keck Interferometer to demonstrate the technology for the astrometric detection of exoplanets from the ground. Recent theoretical and experimental work has shown that extremely high accuracy narrow-...