The electrokinetic behaviors of nanobubbles internally generated by ultrasonication were investigated in terms of the stability of bubble, size distribution and zeta-potentials. When aqueous solutions were sonicated with a palladium electrode, stable nanobubbles having effective diameters of several hundreds nanometer were formed within a few minutes, and the sizes and size distributions remain...

The textbook view of the liquid electrolyte surfaces as being devoid of ions have recently been challenged by molecular dynamics simulations, which predict a surface enhancement of highly polarizable anions. Here we present the first direct experimental verification of this prediction. Enhanced azide ðN 3 Þ concentrations were measured at the liquid surface by femtosecond second harmonic genera...

We describe the first detailed experimental characterization of surface adsorption of an aqueous ion pair and quantify the unusual surface behavior of sodium nitrite, a ubiquitous component of natural waters. The onset of unusually strong adsorption at concentrations as low as ca. 0.1 M resembles the controversial ‘Jones–Ray Effect,’ wherein 13 salts exhibited surface tension minima in the mill...

Using evanescent-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy (EW-CRDS), we monitored the change in the absorbance of a thin film of methylene blue (MB) at an air/fused-silica interface while varying the polarization of the incident light (600 nm). We derived the average orientation angle of the planar MB molecules with respect to the surface normal and observed that the average orientation angle decreas...

The determination of an emulsifier’s adsorption properties under conditions similar to those occurring during emulsion polymerization can provide important information to aid in the selection of the most appropriate surfactant for a given system. Results show that the latex particle size is dependent on the strength of emulsifier adsorption (∆Eads) at the particle/aqueous phase interface and is...

Abstract Titanium alloys are widely used in the aerospace industry, yet oxygen ingress can severely degrade mechanical properties of titanium alloy components. Atom probe tomography (APT), electron microanalysis (EPMA) and nanoindentation were to characterise oxygen-rich layer on an in-service jet engine compressor disc, manufactured from TIMETAL 834. Oxygen was quantified related changes throu...

The structures of Langmuir-Gibbs (LG) films at the air-solution interface were studied using surface tensiometry, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and infrared external reflection spectroscopy (IR-ERS). The LG films were fabricated by forming Langmuir films of deuterated arachidic acid (D19A) and then injecting a water-soluble surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate or octaethylene glycol monododecy...