Physical access control systems play a central role in the protection of critical infrastructures, where both the provision of timely access and preserving the security of sensitive areas are paramount. In this paper we discuss the shortcomings of existing approaches to the administration of physical access control in complex environments. At the heart of the problem is the current dependency o...

We discuss what constitutes an integrated system in AI, and why AI researchers should be interested in building and studying them. Taking integrated systems to be ones that integrate a variety of components in order to perform some task from start to finish, we believe that such systems (a) allow us to better ground our theoretical work in actual tasks, and (b) provide an opportunity for much-n...

Integrated urban water management e a framework to understand, control, and optimize elements of the urban water infrastructure as an integrated system e is inherently complex. It becomes more complex and challenging, however, when public participation in management institutions is considered. This paper applies a systems perspective to explore institutional arrangements for participation. Our ...

Purpose : The aim of this work is to consider the principles town-planning regulation and building height control in France identify effective tools for regulation. Methodology/approach comprehensive approach, which includes analysis local urban planning documents morphology. Research findings Effective are identified. environmental rule dimensions flexible control. Their introduction proposed....

This paper studies power management in a grid-tied hybrid energy system consisting of photovoltaic array, wind turbine, fuel cell, electrolyzer, hydrogen storage tank and a combinational heating system to supply the thermal and electrical demand of a building. Moreover, the hybrid system is capable of exchanging power with local grid. Thus, variable daily buying and selling tariffs are also tak...

In this research, an analytical method for quantification of the thermal energy performance improvement for a building integrated photovoltaic double-skin façade has provided. The system has been suggested as a retrofit measure for an existing building in Tehran. The effect of thermal performance has been analyzed through computer-assisted developed code using engineering equation solver softwa...