Purpose Pathologic corneal (lymph) angiogenesis is a known risk factor for immune-mediated allograft rejections after corneal transplantation. However, there is no established treatment to regress pre-existing pathological corneal blood and lymphatic vessels. This study assessed the possibility to regress both vessel types by photodynamic therapy (PDT) after intravenous (i.v.) verteporfin injec...

Introduction: The neural substrates of temporal processing are not still fully known. The majority of interval timing studies have dealt with this subject in the context of “Explicit timing” (computing the time intervals explicitly). The hypothesis “Implicit timing” (implicitly using temporal processing to improve function) has also proposed. This lesion study addressed explicit and implicit ti...

Introduction Single injection moving table peripheral contrast enhanced MR angiography (pMRA) is increasingly utilized for the evaluation of peripheral atherosclerotic occlusive disease (PAOD). While the majority of exams are successful, a sizable fraction are not; almost always due to lower station venous contamination. This is largely due to the tremendous inter-patient variability in arteria...

--Due to the overall increase in computer performance software-implemented fault injection (SWIFI) techniques are becoming increasingly attractive. Not only the easyness of use but also the quality of the injected faults contribute to the successful application of SWIFI based tools in the field. SWIFLER is a tool for UNIX systems for sofware-implemented injection of control flow errors. Its pur...

Sea Urchin is one of the most useful tools in developmental biology studies because this organism has the simplest kind of developmental stages. We aimed to determine developmental stages and timetable of Echinometra mathaei embryo (the species of Persian Gulf). The spawning of E. mathaei was induced by 0.5M KCl injection (1ml) into the coelomic cavity. After fertilization, embryos were placed ...

PCCI engines can reduce NOx and PM emissions simultaneously without sacrificing thermal efficiency, but a low combustion temperature resulting from early fuel injection, and ignition occurring prior to TDC, can cause higher THC and CO emissions and fuel consumption. In conclusion, it was found that the PCCI combustion achieved by the 2-stage injection strategy with optimized calibration factors...

background and aim: the third stage of labour is one of the most troublesome stages of child delivery. the basic principle of the third stage management is administrating prophylactic uterotonics. however, the time of its administration varies in different hospitals. this study aimed to determine the effect of intramuscular oxytocin injection after emergence of the fetal anterior shoulder or pl...

Scheduled daily injections of methamphetamine (MA) produced locomotor activity that preceded and followed the usual time of injection in rats housed under conditions of constant, moderately dim light and temporally distributed feeding. A circadian basis for pre-injection time activity was supported by its anticipatory timing in the apparent absence of reliable preceding external cues and by its...

In diesel engines, fuel injection has a commanding effect on combustion. Thus studying spray characteristics is beneficial for controlling and improving However, information characteristics, especially those governed by injector needle lift, lacking. This study investigates the near-nozzle kinematics particular nozzle geometries over range of pressures. The nozzles used in this research include...