Phonological processes map sound information onto higher levels of language processing and provide the mechanisms by which verbal information can be temporarily stored in working memory. Despite a strong convergence of data suggesting both left lateralization and distributed encoding in the anterior and posterior perisylvian language areas, the nature and brain encoding of phonological subproce...

Abstract Although Erzya harmony is discussed as a kind of vowel traditionally, suffix alternations show that there close interaction between consonants and vowels, therefore we should speak about consonant-vowel harmony. This paper demonstrates the palatalizedness frontness vowels are also strongly connected inside stems: first syllable front quite rare after word-initial non-palatalized dental...

Consonant repetition ("reduplication") predominates in #CVC sequences in babbling and early words, gradually giving way to consonant variation ("variegation") with a "Fronting" pattern whereby the first consonant has a more anterior place of articulation than the second. The various reduplicative patterns are primarily attributed to a "Frame" consisting of rhythmic mandibular oscillation. Evide...

In Tokyo Japanese, vowel devoicing is a common process, that leads to the reduction of high, unstressed vowels ( and ) between unvoiced consonants. This article investigates to what extent native Japanese speakers (L1) learning German as foreign language (L2) show a strong tendency to produce these vowels in the foreign language as devoiced, too. Furthermore, the question is addressed whe...

background: the majority of α-thalassemi mutations are deletions of one or both α-globin genes. since the iranian populaion is a mixture of different ethnic groups, frequency and distribution of globin mutations in various regions of the country need to be clarified. the aim of this study was to determine the common alpha globin gene deletions among individuals with hypochromic microcytic anemi...

Decadal climate predictions may have skill due to predictable components in boundary conditions (mainly greenhouse gas concentrations but also tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol distributions) and initial conditions (mainly the ocean state). We investigate the skill of temperature and precipitation hindcasts from a multi-model ensemble of four climate forecast systems based on coupled ocean...

In this paper we provide a full characterization of the pure-strategy Nash Equilibria for the p-Beauty Contest Game when we restrict player’s choices to integer numbers. Opposed to the case of real number choices, equilibrium uniqueness may be lost depending on the value of p and the number of players: in particular, as p approaches 1 any symmetric profile constitutes a Nash Equilibrium. We als...