Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen of cattle that can cause severe respiratory tract infection known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), abortion in pregnant cows, and is an important component of the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDC, “Shipping fever”). The ability of BHV-1 to transport anterogradely from neuron cell bodies in trigeminal ganglia to axon t...

In this study, a systematic sero-surveillance of IBR was undertaken from 11 dairy farms located in 4 different regions of India. A total of 1000 cattle serum samples were tested for the presence of antibodies against IBR using Avidin Biotin ELISA. The results revealed that IBR antibodies were widely prevalent in all regions of the country ranging from 36.5% in Central region to 84.5% in Norther...

Biosecurity is crucial for safeguarding livestock from infectious diseases. Despite the plethora of biosecurity recommendations, published scientific evidence on the effectiveness of individual biosecurity measures is limited. The objective of this study was to assess the perception of Swiss experts about the effectiveness and importance of individual on-farm biosecurity measures for cattle and...

There are many potential causes of abortion and fetal wastage in beef cattle; all can result in significant economic losses to the producer. Determination of the etiology is fundamental to developing recommendations regarding abortion control and prevention. Since it was first described as a cause of bovine abortion in New Mexico in 1987 (1), infection with Neospora sp. has emerged as a signifi...

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are commonly exposed to disease agents that affect livestock but environmental factors that predispose deer to exposure are unknown for many pathogens. We trapped deer during winter months on two study areas (Northern Forest and Eastern Farmland) in Wisconsin from 2010 to 2013. Deer were tested for exposure to six serovars of Leptospira interrogans (gr...

BACKGROUND Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is the most common ocular disease that affects cattle throughout the world and it has a very significant economic impact. IBK is caused by members of the genus Moraxella and therapeutic and preventive measures have shown limited success. Vaccines, most of them chemically inactivated bacterins, generally induce a limited protection. METHO...