conclusions approximately one quarter of premature neonates had early mortality, which can be predicted by low gestational age, low birth weight, low apgar score, need to intensive supports, postpartum complications, multiple gestation and history of maternal illnesses. objectives we aimed to determine mortality rate and its main indicators among premature neonates in our region with the aim of...

conclusions this report aimed to increase awareness of the occurrence of extra-intestinal systemic manifestations of rotavirus infection. although such cases may be rare, they still suggest that that rotavirus is a systemic viral infection. case presentations we report three pediatric cases of rotavirus infection: one accompanied by encephalopathy and two with elevated hepatic transaminase acti...

introduction: according to millennium development goal (mdg) number 4, child mortality should be reduced by two thirds by 2015.  the focus has been on decreasing neonatal deaths in high-mortality countries. in this study, we assessed the recorded causes of neonatal hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and infant care wards. methods: the present cross-sectional study was ca...

breastfeeding plays a pivotal role in the promotion of health and prevention of psychological problems in children. this study aimed to compare the effects of breastfeeding educational programs on the development of infants aged 1-3 months based on the model of belief, attitude, subjective norm, and enabling factors (basnef) and application of acupressure on the gb-21 point. methods: this quasi...

vitamin b12 (cobalamin) is an essential coenzyme for nucleic acid synthesis. animal protein is the major dietary source of vitamin b12. deficiency of vitamin b12 leads to megaloblastic anemia, degeneration of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and abnormalities of epithelial tissues. two factors are necessary for the cure of megaloblastic anemia: one in food (extrinsic factor) and one i...

background: hyperbilirubinemia is a common physiological problem in approximately 80% of preterm infants during the first week after birth. increase in bowel movements reduces enterohepatic circulation and increases bilirubin excretion. aim: this study aimed to evaluate the effects of field massage technique on bilirubin level and the number of defecations in preterm infants method: this clinic...

background and objectives: several investigations have been done to evaluate the effect of ramadan fasting on fetal and maternal health, which have all led to controversial results. the role of ramadan fasting time in birth weight is still unclear. this study evaluated the effect of fasting at different periods of pregnancy on birth weight. methods: 250 pregnant women fasting at least one day d...

interpretation ondansetron can be considered as an effective agent to decrease the hospitalization rate in infants and children with diarrhea as well as vomiting. injective forms of ondansetron seem to be more achieved than oral forms. results of the 100 individuals who received ondansetron (n = 91) 91% did not need to be hospitalized and 9 patients needed to be admitted in the next 72 hours, w...

This is a targeted review of the critical immaturities limiting psychophysical luminance contrast detection in human infants. Three-month-old infants are 50 times less sensitive to contrast than adults are. Rod experiments suggest that early-stage immaturities, like the short length of infant rod outer segments, have only a modest direct effect on infant visual performance. Infant contrast sens...

OBJECTIVES This report presents 2013 period infant mortality statistics from the linked birth/infant death data set (linked file) by maternal and infant characteristics. The linked file differs from the mortality file, which is based entirely on death certificate data. METHODS Descriptive tabulations of data are presented and interpreted. RESULTS The U.S. infant mortality rate was 5.96 infa...