introduction: air pollution is one of the problems of the recent century caused by vehicles, industries and other urban activities. the city of yazd faces air pollution due to its high population, vehicular traffic and industrial places around the city. one of the important parameters of air pollution is suspended air particles that have harmful effects on the health of people, plants and objec...

This paper presents the results of a study whose objective was to understand how location within industrial concentrations, like clusters or industrial districts, affects the financial performance of firms. In its theoretical framework, this paper attempts to introduce the reasons behind the alleged superior performance of firms located in these concentrations, the base of the hypothesis formul...

China has undergone economic and political restructuring in the post-socialist era under the background of globalization. At the same time, its provincial governments have mobilized various forms of booming North–South City-to-city (C2C) cooperation within their respective jurisdictions during the last ten years. This paper investigates the dynamics behind such cooperation through a case study ...

Here, focusing on the experience of Newcastle, Chatterton and Hollands continue debates around culture, capital and the ‘creative’ city already initiated in this journal (see Chatterton, ‘Will the real creative city please stand up?’ in City 4(3) (2000), and Harcup in City 4(2) (2000), for example). Research on the form, origins, regulation and ownership of the city’s nightlife lead to an image...

Cities worldwide have been trying to achieve a sustainable urban form to handle their rapid urban growth. Many sustainable urban forms have been studied and two of them, the compact city and the eco city, were chosen in this study as urban form foundations. Based on these forms, four sustainable city criteria (compactness, compatibility, dependency, and suitability) were considered as necessary...

This paper examines the dramatic changes to city block morphology that occurred during the 20th century in Detroit, MI, USA. The study area is comprised of four square miles (10.4 km) of downtown Detroit. The paper measures the amount and causes of city block frontage change between the years 1896 and 2002, and finds that 37% of Detroit’s 1896 city block frontage was removed by 2002. Only 50% o...

A relief route is a segment of a highway that moves traffic around the central business district of a city. Planners perceive it as a means of enhancing mobility and often associate regional economic progress with construction of bypasses. Though a bypass often means safer, quieter, less-congested downtowns, the communities receiving a bypass generally worry about potential negative impacts to ...