In eight normals, eight anxiety neurotics and eight patients of acute schizophrenic episode, twenty-four-hour urinary excretion of each of the following was measured: (1) 17-ketosteroids (17-KS)-total, glucuronides) and sulphates, (2)17-hydroxycorticosteroids 17-KS)-total, conjugated and free, (3) Vanilamendelic acid (VMA), and (4) total indoles. In case of schizophrenics, such measurements wer...

Hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles 6 were synthesized in five steps from indolin-3-one 8 by a general and efficient method, in which elements of molecular diversity were readily added onto the 3a-position of the pyrrolo[2,3-b]indole ring system. Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction of 2-allyloxyindolin-3-ones 7, derived from indolin-3-one 8 and a variety of allylic alcohols, smoothly proceeded with suc...

β-Cyclodextrin sulfuric acid as a green Lewis acid catalyst has been applied for the preparation of bis(indolyl)methanes, tris(indolyl)methanes and 3,3'-diindolyloxindole derivatives by the condensation of indoles with various carbonyl compounds in aqueous media with high to excellent yields.

In this work, a green, simple and highly efficient procedure for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes is described. The condensation of indoles with carbonyl compounds catalyzed by citric acid in water affords bis(indolyl)methanes in high yields and relatively short reaction times. The advantages of this method are using of water as a low cost solvent and efficient recyclability of the catalyst.

Ammonium monovanadate (NH4VO3) has been devoted as an efficient, commercially available, eco-friendly and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs), oxindole derivatives and also Michael adducts of indoles at 50 °C under solvent-free conditions. The reusability of this solid acid catalyst in addition with its selectivity has also been examined.

Asymmetric coupling proceeds efficiently between propargylic acetates, cycloalkenes and electron-rich heteroarenes including indoles, pyrroles, activated furans thiophenes. 2,3-Disubstituted tetrahydrofurans pyrrolidines are produced in trans configuration excellent enantiomeric ratios. The reaction via Wacker-type attack of nucleophilic on alkenes by allenyl PdII species.

Polyfunctionalized carbazole derivatives have been synthesized by a one-pot reaction between indoles and keto-functionalized nitroolefins. The first step is based on Friedel-Crafts followed acid-promoted microwave-assisted intramolecular cyclization.

The direct synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3- b ]indoles is developed using a Cu/Fe cocatalyzed intramolecular cycloamination α-indolylhydrazones. This transformation proceeds cleanly and selectively at 50 °C in air, with water as the only reaction medium.