In a static environment, optional participation and a local agglomeration of cooperators are found to be beneficial for the occurrence and maintenance of cooperation. In the optional public goods game, the rock-scissors-paper cycles of different strategies yield oscillatory cooperation but not stable cooperation. In this paper, by incorporating population density and individual mobility into th...

every three hours night and day, continued until temperature was normal for a week or more, and then given three times a day till convalescence fully established. To assist digestion, pepsine was given. pepsini porci, B. P., or Morison's gr. iii every two hours night and day with food. The majority of the cases did very well on this, so far as getting rid of the fever, &c., was concerned, but i...

BACKGROUND A simple but countable electronic device has been developed to gain reliable information on elderly patients' perceived well-being. The device has been tested and proven to be technically functional and countable. It was now tested in two care homes for the elderly and two private homes to evaluate if it provided solid information about the well-being of elderly persons. This report ...

OBJECTIVES To examine whether well-known predictors of mortality change their predictive power over time, being reduced or even reversed in the old-old. DESIGN A multidimensional survey of the Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Aging Study conducted from 1989 to 1992 with follow-up of mortality after 6, 8, 10, and 12 years since 1989. SETTING Israel. PARTICIPANTS Participants (N=1,369) were...

In this article, the authors propose an original analysis of the cardiac frequency after training. The study of rapid diminution (alactic oxygen debt) and of plateau (lactic debt in oxygen) make possible adjustment of the training. The variations observed in young swimmers during their sporting season and note a tangible improvement of the two components for recovery.

How different this seems from the desolate and malaria-ridden country widely portrayed by nineteenthand early twentieth-century visitors in the region, before the modern agricultural revolution changed the face of the landscape. At another time I hope to deal at length with the matter of cultivation in the Emathian plain in antiquity. At present, however, it may be useful to attempt to understa...

Frailty is a multifaceted condition that affects many older adults and marks decline on areas such as cognition, physical condition, and nutritional status. Frail individuals are at increased risk for the development of disability, dementia, and falls. There are hardly any health services that enable the identification of prefrail individuals and that focus on prevention of further functional d...

Taylor and Lobel's (1989) model of social comparison processes under threat predicts that upward affiliation (a social activity) may be useful to improve the skills and to find inspiration in coping with HIV, whereas downward evaluation (a cognitive activity) may assist someone to feel better by comparing oneself to a less fortunate person. Participants with HIV were randomly assigned, using a ...

Until recently, the constraints imposed on decision makers by the human physical condition - situated both as a physical agent and within physical space - have played only an incidental, if not entirely inconsequential, role in conceptualizations of human decision making. The act of deciding has been positioned as the quintessence of traditional decision theory, while actual enactment of the de...

In long-lived vertebrates, individuals generally visit potential breeding areas or populations during one or more seasons before reproducing for the first time. During these years of prospecting, they select a future breeding site, colony, or mate and improve various skills and their physical condition to meet the requirements of reproduction. One precondition of successful reproduction is arri...