abstract background ulcerative colitis (uc) is characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation limited to the mucosal layer of the colon. calprotectin is a zinc and calcium binding protein derived from neutrophils and monocytes. it is easily detectable in tissue samples, body fluids, and stools, which makes it a potentially valuable marker of inflammation. the aim of the current study is to...

Value sets (VSs) used in electronic clinical quality measures are lists of codes from standard terminologies ("extensional" VSs), whose purpose ("intension") is not always explicitly stated. We elicited the intension for the 09/01/2014 release of extensional medication value sets by comparison to drug classes from the October 2014 release of RxClass. Value sets matched drug classes if they shar...

The aim of this paper is investigate the notion of a generalized interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy number (GIVIFN), which extends the interval valuedintuitionistic fuzzy number. Firstly, the concept of GIVIFNBs is introduced.Arithmetic operations and cut sets over GIVIFNBBs are investigated. Then the values and ambiguities of the membership degree and the non-membership degree and the value ...

In the literature of analyzing extremes, both generalized Pareto distribution and Pareto distribution are employed to infer the tail of a distribution with a known positive extreme value index. Similar studies exist for a known negative extreme value index. Intuitively, one should not employ the generalized Pareto distribution in case of knowing the sign of the extreme value index. In this pape...

background and objectives: tree nuts and their oils contain bioactive materials which have vital roles in improving human’s health. degradation and decreasing the quality of the nuts especially in almond which have high fat is related to the oxidation. the quality of stored almond depends mainly on the kernel moisture and fat , storage temperature, relative humidity, oxygen level, type of packa...

We studied the effects of stand parameters (crown closure, basal area, stand volume, age, mean stand diameter number of trees, and heterogeneity index) and geomorphology features (elevation, aspect and slope) on tree species diversity in an example of untreated natural mixed forest stands in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Tree species diversity and basal area heterogeneity in forest ec...

OBJECTIVE To improve the quality of expectation maximizing (EM) for brain image segmentation, and to evaluate the accuracy of segmentation results. METHODS This brain segmentation study was conducted in Universiti Putra Malaysia in Serdong, Malaysia between February and November 2010 on simulated and real images using novel improvement for EM. The EM-1 (proposed algorithm) was compared with n...

In the present study basal area and Importance Value Index (IVI) attributes of herbage were investigated in chir pine (Pinus roxburghii Sargent) stands of three different ages and also in open grassland in the sub-tropical region of Himachal Pradesh (India) during growing season (June to September). A higher basal area of the herbage was recorded in open grassland as compared to chir pine stand...

Process capability indices are considered as an important concept in statistical quality control. They have been widely used in the manufacturing industry to provide numerical measures on process performance. Moreover, some incapability indices have been introduced to account the process performance. In this paper, we focus on the one proposed by Chen ~cite{Che:Stat}. In today's modern world, a...

Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) is a numeric index that is of great importance in measuring productivity and its changes. In recent years, tools like DEA have been utilized for determining MPI. In the present paper, some models are recommended for calculating MPI when there are just ratio data available. Then, using DEA and DEA-R, some models are proposed under the constant returns to scale ...