THE STUDY of language and the study of literature have been artificially separated for far too long. The origins of the separation can be traced back to classical times, but we have had our fill of it in recent decades, with generations of children being forced to live within the parallel universes of'lang' and 'lit' in school, then moving to the more sophisticated and intellectually challengin...

The process of delivery of health care is complex and includes aspects which concern the clinician, the patient and the treatment process itself. Training imparts skill and knowledge to the clinician. The outcome of any care should be subjected to audit to enable intraand inter-hospital comparisons to be made. Patient option and the level of satisfaction should be part of the overall assessment...

This paper seeks to understand how the denial of health risks and investment in preventative health care are related, and how they are shaped by the underlying environment. I study individuals who derive anticipatory utility from believing that they will be in good health in the future and who are able to actively bias their beliefs. Anticipatory utility provides an incentive to deny health ris...

Existing institutions do not seem well-designed to address paradigmatically global, intergenerational and ecological problems, such as climate change. 1 In particular, they tend to crowd out intergenerational concern, and thereby facilitate a “tyranny of the contemporary” in which successive generations exploit the future to their own advantage in morally indefensible ways (albeit perhaps unint...

Social science research suggests that reducing class size has its largest effects on the achievement of minority and inner-city children during the first year of formal schooling.' Despite scholarly disagreements about the implications of specific studies on class size, economists generally agree that targeted class-size policies rest on stronger evidence than untargeted policies. For example, ...

This article considers the nature and place of tests of statistical significance (ToSS) in science, with particular reference to psychology. Despite the enormous amount of attention given to this topic, psychology’s understanding of ToSS remains deficient. The major problem stems from a widespread and uncritical acceptance of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), which is an indefensible...

Inferences about counterfactuals are essential for prediction, answering ‘‘what if ’’ questions, and estimating causal effects. However, when the counterfactuals posed are too far from the data at hand, conclusions drawn from well-specified statistical analyses become based on speculation and convenient but indefensible model assumptions rather than empirical evidence. Unfortunately, standard s...

More than two-thirds of the unauthorized immigrant population—roughly 8 million out of 11.2 million—is in our nation’s workforce, and growing evidence suggests that unauthorized workers are more likely than their authorized counterparts to experience workplace-related violations. Although scholars have begun shifting their focus to the agencies empowered to regulate immigrants in the workplace,...

Business ethicists should examine ethical issues that impinge on the perimeters of their specialized studies (Byrne 2011). This article addresses one peripheral issue that cries out for such consideration: the international resource privilege (IRP). After explaining briefly what the IRP involves I argue that it is unethical and should not be supported in international law. My argument is based ...

1. In the beginning In the beginning, there was the DN (Deductive Nomological) model of explanation, articulated by Hempel and Oppenheim (1948). According to DN, scientific explanation is subsumption under natural law. Individual events are explained by deducing them from laws together with initial conditions (or boundary conditions), and laws are explained by deriving them from other more fund...