We examine the emergence of InterContinental Transport (ICT) of air pollution on the agendas of the air quality and climate communities and consider the potential for a new treaty on hemispheric air pollution. ICT is the flow of air pollutants from a source continent (e.g., North America) to a receptor continent (e.g., Europe). ICT of air pollutants occurs through two mechanisms: (i) episodic a...

*Correspondence: Lars Olof Björn, Department of Biology, Molecular Cell Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden e-mail: [email protected] Guangdong Province in China runs a risk of gradually increasing pollution of its agricultural land and, as a consequence, toxic agricultural products. We concentrate here on the situation for cadmium, copper, and lead. For the...

There is increasing evidence that air pollution contributes to the burden of chronic disease and premature mortality, particularly from cardiovascular and respiratory causes. Action now urgently required to mitigate climate change has the potential co-benefit of improving air quality and reducing the chronic disease burden. Fossil fuel combustion, primarily from motor vehicles and energy genera...

Agricultural food production and consumption covers activities ranging from agriculture to food consumption. Pollution and food contamination related to the use of production technologies and processes, as well as from the use of products aimed at increasing agricultural yields and facilitating food conservation, have significant environmental consequences. There are a number of important issue...

While there are many resources available to aid in the design and construction of most structural stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs), there are few guides pertaining to their operation and maintenance. Historically, it seems as though “build-em” and walk has been common-place. However, increasing focus upon mass balances, numeric goal setting and Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs), now ...

In urban areas, emissions of air pollutants by anthropogenic processes such as traffic, industry, power plants and domestic heating systems are the main sources of pollution (Fenger, 1999). The massive growth in road traffic and in the use of fossil fuels during the last decades has changed the composition of urban air, increasing the frequency of pollution episodes and the number of cities exp...

This study, it was aimed to be enabling to use of fish scale as a bio-indicator for heavy metal pollution that is gradually increase in natural waters. For this purpose scaled carps, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) were exposed to 7.5, 15, 30 and 60 μg L concentrations of trivalent chromium for 21 day and deformities appearing on the scales were examined under electron microscopy. It was found...

The problem of photochemical oxidant pollution, 98% of which is ozone, is addressed. Ozone itself is not the cause of all adverse effects (e.g., peroxyacetyl nitrites cause eye irritation). The typical sequence in the development of oxidant pollution is an initial increase in nitrous oxide, followed by nitrogen dioxide, followed by ozone. These pollutants can be carried long distances and may h...

Incompatibilities between urban transport and land use are rapidly growing in developing countries. Due to this mismatch, vehicle ownership is increasing dreadfully causing urban areas for various problems including congestion and air pollution. This study attempts to investigate the household travel behaviour on vehicle ownership, mode choice and trip sharing aspects by developing a nested log...

Over the past decade, an increasing body of scientific evidence has accrued associating outdoor air pollution with certain types of cancer. Specifically, two major large prospective epidemiological studies first published in the early to mid-1990s and, in the case of one study, recently confirmed with a larger data base, found an association between exposure to particulate air pollution and lun...