BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption has been linked to a considerable burden of disease in the United Kingdom (UK), with most of this burden due to heavy drinking and Alcohol Dependence (AD). However, AD is undertreated in the UK, with only 8% of those individuals with AD being treated in England and only 6% of those individuals with AD being treated in Scotland. Thus, the objective of this paper is...

The Frank-Starling relationship of the heart yields increased stroke volume with greater end-diastolic volume, and this relationship is steeper after beta-adrenergic stimulation. The underlying basis for the Frank-Starling mechanism involves length-dependent changes in both Ca(2+) sensitivity of myofibrillar force and power output. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that PKA-induced phosph...

In the present study, interactions of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists with water swimming stress (WSS) on naloxone-induced jumping in morphine-dependent mice were examined. Mice were rendered dependent as described in the methods section. The opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1 mg/kg), was injected to elicit jumping (as a withdrawal sign). The first group exposed to WSS in the pr...

OBJECTIVES We used qualitative data to explore the perceived consequences of poststroke falls during the first 6 months after discharge from the hospital. METHOD We interviewed 132 male stroke survivors 1 and 6 months after discharge to describe stroke recovery trajectories. Interviews of participants who discussed falling after stroke as one of their major concerns were analyzed to explore t...

This study aimed at elucidating the effect of annealing on positive temperature coefficient characteristics polyethylene/carbon black (PE/CB) composites. The PE/CB composite was annealed 140, 150 or 160°C, and temperature-dependence its resistance measured. internal morphologies composites with different temperatures were observed using a scanning electron microscope, to verify optimum conditio...

advances in understanding the neurobiology of addiction to stimulants, has made it possible for researchers to identify medicines effective in initiation of treatment and prevention of stimulants relapse, based on pharmacological effects of various medicine. some of these medicine and vaccines have brought promising results in clinical trials on cocaine dependent patients. studies regarding met...

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) commonly occurs after cardiac surgery. We tested the hypothesis that a history of alcohol dependence is associated with an increased incidence and severity of POCD in male patients undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass. Recent verbal and nonverbal memory and executive functions were assessed before and one week after surgery in patien...