We investigate both numerically and analytically the convective instability of granular materials by two dimensional traffic equations. In the absence of vibrations traffic equations assume two distinctive classes of fixed bed solutions with either a spatially uniform or nonuniform density profile. The former one exists only when the function V (ρ) that monitors the relaxation of grains assumes...

*Correspondence: Rachel Honnert, Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, Groupe d’Etudes de l’Atmophère Météorologique, Météo France/CNRS, GMAP 42, avenue Gaspard Coriolis, 31100 Toulouse, France e-mail: [email protected] In numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, at mesoscale, the sub-grid convective boundary-layer turbulence is dominated by the uni-dimensional (1D) vertical th...

The extracellular matrix of cartilage is a charged porous fibrous material. Transport phenomena in such a medium are very complex. In this study, solute diffusive flux and convective flux in porous fibrous media were investigated using a continuum mixture theory approach. The intrinsic diffusion coefficient of solute in the mixture was defined and its relation to drag coefficients was presented...

This study examines the characteristics of convective momentum transport (CMT) and gravity wave momentum transport (GWMT) in two-dimensional cloud-system-resolving model simulations, including the relationships between the two transports. A linear group velocity criterion is shown to objectively separate CMT andGWMT. TheGWMT contribution is mostly consistent with upward-propagating gravity wave...

This paper explores the response of the tropical hydrologic cycle to surface warming through the lens of large-domain cloud-system-resolving model experiments run in a radiative–convective equilibrium framework. Simulations are run for 55 days and are driven with fixed insolation and constant sea surface temparatures (SSTs) of 298 K, 300 K, and 302 K. In each experiment, convection organizes in...

Extreme orogenic convective storms in southeastern South America are divided into three categories: storms with deep convective cores, storms with wide convective cores, and storms containing broad stratiform regions. Data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite’s Precipitation Radar show that storms with wide convective cores are the most frequent, tending to originate near the ...

[1] This paper focuses on the relation between local sea surface temperature (SST) and convective precipitation fraction and stratiform rainfall area from radar observations of precipitation, using data from the Kwajalein atoll ground-based radar as well as the precipitation radar on board the TRMM satellite. We find that the fraction of convective precipitation increases with SST at a rate of ...

We study low frequency waves that propagate in a region of layered semi-convection. Layered semi-convection is predicted to be present in stellar and planetary interiors and can significantly modify the rate of thermal and compositional mixing. We derive a series of analytical dispersion relations for plane-parallel layered semi-convection in the Boussinesq approximation using a matrix transfer...

Vitrification, a kinetic process of liquid solidification into glass, poses many potential benefits for tissue cryopreservation including indefinite storage, banking, and facilitation of tissue matching for transplantation. To date, however, successful rewarming of tissues vitrified in VS55, a cryoprotectant solution, can only be achieved by convective warming of small volumes on the order of 1...