Recent developments in theoretical and experimental studies of amphiphilic lyotropic ‘intermediate’ mesophase formation are summarized. For the purposes of the review, we consider intermediate mesophases to be self-assemblies with novel geometries and topologies, excluding lamellar, bicontinuous sponge, columnar (hexagonal) and micellar mesophases. Intermediates include novel branched bilayer t...

Yuh-Nung Jan is at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). He studied Physics as an undergraduate at National Taiwan University. In 1968, he entered Caltech as a graduate student in theoretical high-energy physics. Two years later, he switched to biology. After he completed his Ph.D. with Max Delbrück in 1974, he joined Seymour Benzer’s lab as a postdoctoral fellow. There he began w...

Channel proteins, that selectively conduct molecules across cell membranes, often exhibit an asymmetric structure. By means of a stochastic model, we argue that channel asymmetry in the presence of non-equilibrium fluctuations, fueled by the cell’s metabolism as observed recently, can dramatically influence the transport through such channels by a ratchet-like mechanism. For an aquaglyceroporin...

Asymmetric halo and extension implantations are examined by simulation for their usability in 45 nm and 32 nm-technology high performance SOI-MOSFETs. Tilted implantations from the source side show higher saturation currents and lower drain overlap capacitances, which improve the intrinsic MOSFET power delay product. Furthermore the asymmetry leads to an inverter chain speed benefit. The strong...

In digital systems such as fiber optical communications, the ratio between probability of errors type 1 ? 0 and can be large. Practically, one assume that only error occur. These are called asymmetric. Unidirectional differ from asymmetric errors; here both possible, but in any submitted codeword all same type. This generalized for q -ary case. We consider unidirectional channels with feedback ...

The combined effects of magnetic field, Navier slip and convective heating on the entropy generation in a flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid between two infinite horizontal parallel plates under a constant pressure gradient have been examined. Both the lower and upper plates of the channel are subjected to asymmetric convective heat exchange with the ambient fluid. T...

Among all the topics about price dispersion, asymmetric price dispersion between online and o¤-line channels and asymmetric pricing across traditional retailers, e-tailers, and multichannel retailers have received the most extensive empirical examination in the literature. However, in many cases, these studies generate contradictory results. This paper jointly models traditional retailer, e-tai...

It has been conjectured by Høst-Madsen and Nosratinia that complex Gaussian interference channels with constant channel coefficients have only one degree-of-freedom regardless of the number of users. While several examples are known of constant channels that achieve more than 1 degree of freedom, these special cases only span a subset of measure zero. In other words, for almost all channel coef...

Biological lipid membranes are predominantly asymmetric. In the plasma membranes of eukaryotic cells, for example, there is an abundance of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin in the outer leaflet while aminophospholipids are primarily in the cytosolic leaflet. The biological importance of asymmetric lipid bilayers has motivated many studies using model systems, such as planar bilayers, suppo...