We present an image analysis flowchart, based on the use of object-oriented software (eCognition). The maps obtained identify the urban landscape at different scale levels (urban areas and buildings – settlements) and at different organization levels (dense, discontinuous or low-density urban landscape). A particular effort has been made to assess the quality of the results (confusion matrix, K...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW More than half of the world's population is living in urban areas, but the evidence about urban-rural differences in drug use is not clearly defined. The present paper aims to review the international literature addressing the role of urbanization and related parameters in association with substance misuse. In particular, the evidence of urbanization being a risk factor for su...

Due to increasing importance of desertification challenges and its consequences the necessity of sustainabledevelopment achievement in arid and semi-arid regions is essential in order to avoid limited sources asting, increase the efficiency of controlling, reclamation and restoration projects of natural areas. Based on the iterature review, it has been recognized that combating desertification ...

The city of Johannesburg contains over 10 million trees and is often referred to as an urban forest. The intra-urban spatial variability of the levels of vegetation across Johannesburg’s residential regions has an influence on the urban heat island effect within the city. Residential areas with high levels of vegetation benefit from cooling due to evapo-transpirative processes and thus exhibit ...

considering concepts such as emphasize on the role of the all stakeholders in urban regeneration, is one of the important and fundamental principles. this is important because in most cases, the private sector, government and municipal are considered more in process of intervention in distressed area and play a key role in this situation. but the role of people is often considered minor. empowe...

in order to respond to the problem of urban decline, different approaches have been defined in sucha way that urban regeneration approach became current in the 1980s (and more wildly after 1995) as a replacement for urban renewal. urban regeneration is the holistic process of reversing economic, social and physical decay in areas where it has reached a stage when market forces alone will not su...

OBJECTIVE This paper analyzes the impact of wealth on the use of contraception in Mozambique unmixing the contextual effects due to community wealth from the individual effects associated with the women's situation within the community of residence. METHODS Data from the 2011 Mozambican Demographic and Health Survey on women who are married or living together are analyzed for the entire count...

background: lead still remains an important problem for poor, inner-city, ethnic minority children, with a particular emphasis on lead paint and dust. in egypt, there is no national survey about the prevalence of elevated blood lead level among children. objective: to assess the environmental lead level as well as to determine blood lead level among primary school children and find out its rela...