Agent-based simulation is a useful tool in terms of assessing human behaviour under the criminal law. We developed a street robbery scenario generator with elements of a criminal law expert system to provide a tool for better understanding complex criminal matters.

This paper analyzes the new Article 65a of Competition Act, introduced in 2021, light ECN+ Directive, which aims to ensure that natural persons, employees a leniency applicant, are protected from sanctions connection with their participation cartel application is related. It generally considered that, absence such protection, use programme, ensures vigorous anti-cartel enforcement at EU suprana...

EU competition law plays a central role in the process of European integration and has constantly been developing at a different pace. The dynamics of change in EU competition law have been quickened by the introduction of Regulation 1/2003 that has enabled a decentralised enforcement system of EU antitrust where NCAs and national courts have been empowered to apply articles 81 and 82 EC (now 1...

One of the most controversial questions in current competition policy is when, if ever, should competition law require a …rm with market power to share its property, notably intellectual property, with its rivals? And if supply is required, on what terms? These questions are discussed with reference to recent law cases including the EC Microsoft judgment of 2007 and the US linkLine case of 2009...

Recent years have seen a growing volume of research on citations between courts from different countries. This article fills gap in the current literature by presenting and analysing cross-citations highest domestic responsible for matters private law EU 2000 to 2018. It addresses two main questions: first, what extent do judges cite foreign case their decisions? Second, may explain varying lev...