The effects of ingested and infused glucose upon circulating glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI) were compared in 14 triply catheterized conscious dogs. Within 60 min after the intraduodenal administration of 2 g/kg of glucose, the mean level of glucagon-like immunoreactivity in the vena caval plasma more than doubled, whereas after intravenous infusion of the same dose over a 90 min period no...

Ischemic preconditioning elicited by a non-fatal brief occlusion of blood flow has been applied for an experimental therapeutic strategy against a subsequent fatal ischemic insult. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning (2-minute transient cerebral ischemia) on calbindin D28k immunoreactivity in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area following a subseque...

Pancreatic glucokinase (GK) is considered an important element of the glucose-sensing unit in pancreatic beta-cells. It is possible that the brain uses similar glucose-sensing units, and we employed GK immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy to examine the anatomical distribution of GK-like immunoreactivities in the rat brain. We found strong GK-like immunoreactivities in the ependymocytes...

Growth arrest and DNA damage protein 34 (GADD34) is a multifunctional protein upregulated in response to cellular stress and is believed to mediate DNA repair and restore protein synthesis. In the present study we have examined GADD34 immunoreactivity in human myocardial tissue at defined survival times following cardiac arrest and determined alterations in expression following ischaemia. In th...

Normal and metaplastic gastrointestinal mucosa obtained at surgical resection were studied by light microscopy, using the unlabelled antibody enzyme method for immunohistochemical staining of lysozyme, pancreatic endoproteases, and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI). Paneth cells in the mucosa of normal small intestine, gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia, and colonic metaplast...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) has various actions including the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. In the present study, we examined the changes of PPARγ immunoreactivity and protein levels in the gerbil dentate gyrus (DG) after transient global cerebral ischemia using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. PPARγ im...

A B S T R A C T Five patients with glucagonomas had elevated plasma levels of total glucagon immunoreactivity. Gel filtrations of these plasma samples on Bio-Gel P30 columns showed that most of the immunoreactivity eluted in the 3,500-(true glucagon) and 9,000-dalton fractions. After the administration of alpha cell effectors, changes in total glucagon immunoreactivity were seen which were acco...

Rats can learn to forage among olfactory cues to associate one with reward in only 3 massed trials. The learning is achieved in less than 10 min and results in a memory trace lasting at least 1wk week. To study the neuro-anatomical circuits involved in the memory formation we used immunoreactivity to the immediate early gene c-fos as a marker for neuronal activity induced by the learning. The p...

NHL is the most common hematologic cancer in adults. Rituximab is the FDA approved treatment of relapsed or refractory low grade B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). But patients eventually become resistant to rituximab. Since lymphocytes and lymphoma cells are highly radiosensitive, low grade NHL that has relapsed or refractory to standard therapy is treated by RIT in which a beta-emitting radio...