OBJECTIVE To establish a safe and efficacious dosing regimen for the treatment of primary nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC) using 5% imiquimod cream. DESIGN Two phase 2 studies were conducted: a 6-week, randomized, open-label, dose-response study evaluating 4 dosing regimens and a 12-week, randomized, vehicle-controlled, double-blind, dose-response study evaluating 4 dosing regimens. SETTI...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of 5% imiquimod cream on undifferentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), a disease caused by high-risk human papillomavirus. DESIGN Prospective, uncontrolled study. SETTING University hospital vulvar clinic. Patients Twelve consecutive patients treated with 5% imiquimod cream for undifferentiated VIN between March 1, 1999, and May 31, 2001. INTERV...

PURPOSE Therapeutic vaccination with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7 synthetic long peptides (SLP) is effective against HPV16-induced high-grade vulvar and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN/VaIN). However, clinical nonresponders displayed weak CD8(+) T-cell reactivity. Here, we studied if imiquimod applied at the vaccine site could improve CD8(+) T-cell reactivity, clinical ...

The first reports about HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) were appeared to the 1980s. By 2017 more than 37 million people living with HIV. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is universally spread, some estimates showing that 1% of sexually active population having genital warts. (HPV)-induced infection frequently accompanies clinical course and can manifest itself in a full spectrum clinical-patholog...

Chronic radiodermatitis is defined as a chronic inflammation of the skin associated with exposure to ionizing radiation. It usually presents in individuals who, because of their profession, have been repeatedly exposed to low doses of radiation over a long period of time without appropriate protection. Several treatments have been described, including topical 5-fluorouracil, dermabrasion, ablat...

BACKGROUND Various therapeutic options, including surgery, electrocautery, cryotherapy, 5-fluorouracil treatment, laser therapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and interferon-α/γ injection, have been employed to treat vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) with varying degrees of success. To truly cure VIN, human papillomavirus elimination is considered important. OBJECTIVE To investigat...

Like a tourist without a map, tumor-fighting T cells have a hard time finding their destination without directions. According to Clark et al. (page 2221), dismantling these directions helps skin cancer cells hide from killer T cells. To enter the skin, T cells must grab on to the adhesive molecule E-selectin, which is expressed on the endothelial cells lining blood vessels in the skin. The auth...

Imiquimod treatment of actinic keratoses (AK), usually highly effective, may yield squamous cell carcinoma of the keratoacanthoma type (SCC-KA), histopathologi-cally reminiscent of the multiple self-healing squamous carcinomas of Ferguson-Smith. In this regard, dermatosis locus minoris resistentiae (DLMR), meaning dermatosis in " place of less resistance " , connotes the formation of a primary ...