the scope of power of governments is one of the main issues in political philosophy and constitutional law. this issue has become significant in islamic republic of iran as an absolute spiritual leadership has been contemplated in the iranian constitution. as the rule of law indicates that all governmental acts must be based on law, it may be assumed that dissolution of khobregan house (expert ...

Increasingly, social workers are being called on to conduct spiritual assessments, yet few assessment methods have appeared in academic literature. This article reviews five complementary assessment approaches that have recently been developed to highlight different facets of clients' spiritual lives. Specifically, one verbal model, spiritual histories, is discussed, along with four diagrammati...

The son of a kyai, who is expected to become the successor in struggle leadership and management pesantren, has been prepared with caregiving pattern that distinctly different from other families. deeply rooted values pesantren tradition kyai's family are transmitted through distinctive pattern. Therefore, purpose this research understand formation unique self-image leadership. This study emplo...

Traumatic events may lead to dramatic changes in spirituality. The objective of this study was to explore whether posttraumatic spiritual transformation results not just from the traumatic event, but from spiritual experience during the crisis. The hypothesis tested was that survivors of a brush with death who had spiritual “near-death experiences” have greater spiritual growth and lesser spiri...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To investigate spiritual transformation among patients with cancer. DESIGN Longitudinal. SETTING A university medical center in the midwestern United States. SAMPLE 47 adult cancer survivors. METHODS Patients were asked about spirituality, religious and spiritual importance, religious coping, and spiritual gain and decline at baseline as well as nine months post-treat...