The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) is not known. However, monocytes and macrophages are thought to play important roles in the development of mucosal inflammation. Therefore, in this study, we examined the role of monocyte-endothelial cell interactions in senescence-accelerated mouse P1 (SAMP1)/Yit mice, a murine model of spontaneous ileitis. Fluorescence-labeled CD14+ monocytic cells iso...

Using a triple-lumen constant perfusion system, the following observations were made in normal subjects. First, chloride, bicarbonate, and sodium were found to exhibit net movement across ileal mucosa against electrochemical gradients. Second, during perfusion with a balanced electrolyte solution simulating plasma, the ileum generally absorbed, but sometimes secreted fluid. A reciprocal net mov...

The relationship between starch chemistry and intestinal nutrient transporters is not well characterized. We hypothesized that inclusion of slowly instead of rapidly digestible starch in pig diets will decrease glucose and increase short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) transporter expression in the distal gut. Weaned barrows (n = 32) were fed 4 diets containing 70% starch [ranging from 0 to 63% amylose...

BACKGROUND Intestinal mucosal S100A12 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) are inflammatory biomarkers in humans with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, these biomarkers have not been studied in the intestinal mucosa of dogs with chronic enteropathies (CE), even though dogs with CE have increased S100A12 concentrations in feces and serum. This study investigated mucosal S100A12 concentrations and ...

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (r-IPC) administered to pregnant rats, in the ileum of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation. Methods: We used three pregnant rats and their newborn rats distributed in three groups: 1) Control (C) - Newborn rats born from a pregnant rat which did not undergo any intervention; 2) Hypoxia-Reoxygenation (H/R) - Ne...

To test the hypothesis that AA transporter transcripts are present in the large intestine and similarly expressed along the intestinal tract, mRNA abundance of candidate AA transporter genes solute carrier (SLC) family 7, member 9 (SLC7A9), SLC7A1, SLC7A8, and SLC43A1 encoding for b(0,+)-type AA transporter (b(0,+)AT), cationic AA transporter-1 (CAT-1), L-type AA transporter-2 (LAT-2), and L-ty...

Prior studies had shown that Staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin was able to inhibit water absorption in guinea pig ileum and to elevate the cyclic AMP content of this tissue, but was unable to elicit certain cyclic AMP-mediated changes in Y-1 adrenal or Chinese hamster ovary cells. Because water movement passively follows the net movement of electrolytes in the gut, this study investigated the e...