Tumor cells have an increased nutritional demand for amino acids (AAs) to satisfy their rapid proliferation. Positron-emitting nuclide labeled AAs are interesting probes and are of great importance for imaging tumors using positron emission tomography (PET). Carbon-11 and fluorine-18 labeled AAs include the [1-11C] AAs, labeling alpha-C- AAs, the branched-chain of AAs and N-substituted carbon-1...

• The Gouy-Chapman-Stern layer model combines the Helmholtz and diffuse double of Gouy-Chapman to explain development double-layer capacitance on sensor’s surface. Site-binding is used describe surface charge developed at oxide/electrolyte interface. This paper presents a new methodology that these two theories, our method applied AAs (amino acids) immobilized sensor Moreover, simulation work s...

Arachidonic acid (AA), which is released from phospholipids in the cell membrane by a variety of stimuli, has physiological and pathophysiological roles on cardiovascular system. The current study designed to determine effect intravenously (iv) injected AA electrocardiography (ECG) anesthetized rats. 
 ECG waves obtained lead II were written placing electrodes limbs ketamine xylazine mixtu...

Taste receptors on enteroendocrine cells sense nutrients and transmit signals that control gut hormone release. This study aimed to investigate the amino acid (AA) sensing mechanisms of the ghrelin cell in a gastric ghrelinoma cell line, tissue segments and mice. Peptone and specific classes of amino acids stimulate ghrelin secretion in the ghrelinoma cell line. Sensing of L-Phe occurs via the ...

Cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) is activated by phosphorylation at serine-505 (S505) by extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). However, rat brain calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylates recombinant cPLA(2) at serine-515 (S515) and increases its activity in vitro. We have studied the sites of cPLA(2) phosphorylation and their significance in arachidonic acid (...

In the enanti-omerically pure title compound, C(11)H(19)N(3)O(3)S, the chain C-N-C(O)-O-C-C (from the asymmetric carbon to a methyl of the tert-butyl group) displays an extended conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into chains parallel to the c axis by classical N-H⋯O(diazo-carbon-yl) hydrogen bonding and an unusual inter-molecular three-centre inter-action involving the amino ac...

There are many methods for introducing random mutations into nucleic acid sequences. Previously, we described a suite of programmes for estimating the completeness and diversity of randomized DNA libraries generated by a number of these protocols. Our programmes suggested some empirical guidelines for library design; however, no information was provided regarding library diversity at the protei...

Norepinephrine (NE) and angiotensin II (Ang II), by promoting extracellular Ca2+ influx, increase Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) activity, leading to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), resulting in release of arachidonic acid (AA) for prostacyclin synthesis in rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the mechanism by ...

p. atlantica subsp. kurdica, with the local name of baneh, is a wild medicinal plant which grows in kurdistan, iran.  the identification of resistance gene analogs holds great promise for the development of resistant cultivars. a pcr approach with degenerate primers designed according to conserved nbs-lrr (nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat) regions of known disease-resistance (r) gene...

Abbreviations: aa, amino acid; AGPase, ADP-glc pyrophosphorylase; ara, arabinose; gal, galactose; galA, galacturonic acid; GALT, gal-1-P uridyltransferase; glc, glucose; glcA, glucuronic acid; man, mannose; PPi, pyrophosphate; SuSy, sucrose synthase; UAGPase, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase; UGE, UDP-glc epimerase; UGPase, UDP-glc pyrophosphorylase; USPase, UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase...