BACKGROUND Mixed gliomas, such as oligoastrocytomas (OA), anaplastic oligoastrocytomas, and glioblastomas (GBMs) with an oligodendroglial component (GBMO) are defined as tumors composed of a mixture of two distinct neoplastic cell types, astrocytic and oligodendroglial. Recently, mutations ATRX and TP53, and codeletion of 1p/19q are shown to be genetic hallmarks of astrocytic and oligodendrogli...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cool dialysate may ameliorate intradialytic hypotension (IDH). It is not known whether it is sufficient to prevent an increase in core temperature (CT) during hemodialysis (HD) or whether a mild decline in CT would yield superior results. The aim of this study was to compare both approaches with regard to IDH. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Fourteen HD...

The 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of brain tumors did not use molecular abnormalities as diagnostic criteria. Studies have shown that genotyping allows a better prognostic classification of diffuse glioma with improved treatment selection. This has resulted in a major revision of the WHO classification, which is now for adult diffuse glioma centered around isocitrate dehyd...

BACKGROUND IDH mutations have been demonstrated to confer prolonged survival in patients suffering from gliomas, but the mechanisms underlying the improved prognosis are unclear. While some studies have attributed these observations to an enhanced sensitivity to genotoxic therapies, others have postulated that IDH-mutated gliomas exhibit less aggressive intrinsic biological behavior, including ...

The discovery of somatic isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations in gliomas is an example of the powerful impact of the next-generation sequencing on the comprehension of both tumor biology and human diseases. IDHs catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate with production of NADH/NADPH. Thus, they are key enzymes in the Krebs cycle. For this family of metabolic ge...

consistently shown the benefits of cool dialysis in the prevention of IDH. Certainly, prescription of isothermic treatments controlled by the blood temperature feedback module (BTM) is not only appealing from a theoretical point of view, but was also found to be efficacious for the prevention of IDH in the randomized crossover trial by Maggiore et al. [8]. However, a practical drawback for the ...

All isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant solid neoplasms exhibit highly elevated levels of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG). Detection of 2HG in tumor tissues currently is performed by gas or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC- or LC-MS) or biochemical detection. While these methods are highly accurate, a considerable amount of time for tissue preparation and a relatively high amount of t...

Outbred mastomys [Praomys (mastomys) coucha], were examined at 15 chromosomal loci encoding proteins and enzymes using cellulose acetate electrophoresis (CAE) to establish protein polymorphisms and allelic patterns. Protein polymorphisms were found in five protein biochemical markers (Akp-I, Ce-2, Idh-I, Pgm-I and Trf-I), As a result, inter species genetic variations in terms of observed hetero...

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes 1 and 2 are frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), low-grade glioma, cholangiocarcinoma (CC) and chondrosarcoma (CS). For AML, low-grade glioma and CC, mutant IDH status is associated with a DNA hypermethylation phenotype, implicating altered epigenome dynamics in the aetiology of these cancers. Here we show that the IDH variants in CS are also...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes recent studies on the predictive value of molecular markers in adult gliomas, including 1p/19q codeletion, MGMT methylation, IDH mutation and markers identified using omics and next-generation sequencing studies. RECENT FINDINGS The long-term results of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer ...