We study a model of party formation in which the informativeness of party labels and inter-party ideological heterogeneity are endogenously and jointly determined in response to electoral incentives. Parties use screening to increase the cost of affiliation for politicians whose ideal points diverge from the party platform. Because affiliation decisions are endogenous, increased screening decre...

The article deals with the problematic and key issues of Soviet-Chinese relations related to formalization legal status Mongolia, which was called “Mongolian questionˮ. questionˮ a stumbling block in relations, since de jure Mongolia part Republic China, facto it had all features an independent state. solution lay plane revolutionary ideological diplomatic nature, where given important place as...

Zhenjiang has always been a city of heroes, where revolutionary heroes shed their blood and red genes are passed down from generation to generation. In terms the region, hundred years struggle cast “Iron Army Spirit” New Fourth in Mao mountain anti-Japanese Base Area, “Yafu that lived up people’s expectations fighting for city’s glory poverty alleviation, “war spirit” southern Jiangsu, which wa...

A violent extremist group poses a significant threat to parts of Cabo Delgado province. Since its first major attack in October 2017, it has perpetuated conflict the detriment sections population and government, as well disrupting economic development. Little is known about there considerable amount confusion policymaking academic circles nature extremists (VE) their relationship wider global S...

Culture war, as an analytical category, is a modern means of cultural struggle between antagonistic positions that seeks monopoly over the legitimate representation one’s own identity. It constructs culturally contestable relations substantive elements such life, religion, nation, status or race, which are heavily invested with sacredness, turning world values into fundamental battleground with...

The Revolution Gathers Steam Just as the application of steam power to manufacturing in Great Britain in the mid-1700s ignited the industrial revolution, the 2010 passage of the ACA has prompted an emerging upheaval in health care. Traditional hospital operations across a broad range of activities have been upended and are being refashioned. Hospitals are merging at a pace previously unseen, bu...

The reasons why we as scholars prefer one paradigm to another are not only scientific but also ideological. It is suggested that pluralism should be discussed at the levels of theory of science, paradigms in economics and ideological orientations. Neoclassical economics is closely connected with logical positivism as a theory of science and is close to Neo-liberalism as an ideological orientati...

In a spatial common agency model, two asymmetric interest groups (principals) in‡uence a unique decision-maker (agent). The decision-maker chooses a onedimensional policy on behalf of those principals and has private information about his ideology after contracting with principals. The policy is always e¢ cient and re‡ects a weighted average between the principals’ and the agent’s ideal points....

We seek to measure political candidates’ ideological positioning from their speeches. To accomplish this, we infer ideological cues from a corpus of political writings annotated with known ideologies. We then represent the speeches of U.S. Presidential candidates as sequences of cues and lags (filler distinguished only by its length in words). We apply a domain-informed Bayesian HMM to infer th...