Context. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique is a well-known numerical method that has been applied to simulating the evolution of a wide variety of systems. Modern astrophysical applications of the method rely on the Lagrangian formulation of fluid Euler equations, which is fully conservative. A different scheme, based on a matrix approach to the SPH equations is currently bein...

To further explore the reactivity of the (C(5)Me(5))(-) ligand in the sterically crowded (C(5)Me(5))(3)M complexes, reactions with PhEEPh (E = S, Se, Te) have been examined. With M = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Y, PhSSPh reacts to form the expected reduction products, [(C(5)Me(5))(2)M(SPh)](2), but the major organic byproduct is not the sterically induced reduction product, (C(5)Me(5))(2). Instead, the...

New SPH equations including fully variable smoothing length aspects and its implementation are proposed in this paper. Unlike the existing adaptive kernel SPH method, the fully variable smoothing lengths effects have been considered essentially in the scheme based on the adaptive symmetrical kernel estimation. Among the new equations, the evolution equation of density is derived in essence, it ...

Numerous vertebrate and invertebrate genes encode serine proteinase homologues (SPHs) similar to members of the serine proteinase family, but lacking one or more residues of the catalytic triad. These SPH proteins are thought to play a role in immunity, but their precise functions are poorly understood. In this study, we show that SPH-3 (an insect non-clip domain-containing SPH) is of central i...

In order to develop a microscopic level understanding of the anomalous dielectric properties nanoconfined water (NCW), we study and compare three different systems, namely, (i) NCW between parallel graphene sheets (NCW–GSs), (ii) inside covered nanosphere (NCW–Sph), (iii) collection one- two-dimensional constrained Ising spins with fixed orientations at termini. We evaluate constant scaling ε s...

The structural gene for diphtheria toxin, tox, has been modified at its Sph I site by the introduction of an oligonucleotide linker encoding a unique Pst I restriction endonuclease site and a synthetic oligonucleotide encoding alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). The resulting fusion gene directs the expression of a diphtheria toxin-related alpha-MSH hybrid protein in which the dip...

In this review the theory and application of Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) since its inception in 1977 are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the strengths and weaknesses, the analogy with particle dynamics and the numerous areas where SPH has been successfully applied. 0034-4885/05/081703+57$90.00 © 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd Printed in the UK 1703

A complete and detailed knowledge of the structure of the gaseous component in protoplanetary discs is essential to the study of dust evolution during the early phases of pre-planetesimal formation. The aim of this paper is to determine if three-dimensional accretion discs simulated by the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method can reproduce the observational data now available and the ex...

We adapt new schemes of gravitational N-body dynamics and smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) to the tree N-body/SPH galactic chemodynamics code GCD+. The applied new schemes include the adaptive softening suggested by Price & Monaghan (2007), to improve the self-gravity calculation, and artificial viscosity and thermal conductivity suggested by Rosswog & Price (2007) and Price (2008), to mod...