Water-yield assessment is crucial to effectively achieve water supply management at the basin scale. It affected by climate change, and Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULCC). This paper quantifies combined impact of LULCC change on yield over short long-term periods in Haraz basin, Iran. has experienced severe forest degradation, agricultural expansion, urbanization. Most lands are within plains c...

Forest ecosystems play multiple important roles in meeting the habitat needs of different organisms and providing a variety services to humans. Biodiversity is one structural features dynamic complex forest ecosystems. One most challenging issues assessing understanding relationship between biodiversity environmental factors. The aim this study was investigate effect biotic abiotic factors on t...

Forest environment classification in mountain regions based on single-sensor remote sensing approaches is hindered by forest complexity and topographic effects. Temperate broadleaf forests in western Asia such as the Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran have already suffered from intense anthropogenic activities. In those regions, forests mainly extend in rough terrain and comprise different stand...

studying forest degradation through evaluation of soil nutrient concentrations, which reveals soil functioning within the ecosystem, is necessary for sustainable management of land resources. this research was conducted to understand the changes of soil nutrient, resulting from exploitive management using some soil features and their spatial pattern. in the mid-summer of 2014, two sites were se...