Background Mitral valve abnormalities are an important cause of patient morbidity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) contributing to left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). Anterior mitral valve leaflet (AMVL) elongation predisposes to LVOTO. CMR detects this in overt HCM and in sarcomere gene mutation carriers without left ventricular hypertrophy (G+LVH-). However, the geometry o...

Background Fibrosis is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the adverse sequelae of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance detects replacement fibrosis but cannot presently detect interstitial fibrosis. The latter is thought to be a very early feature of HCM and can be triggered by inflammation, which can also e...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic cardiovascular disease and represents the main cause of sudden death in young patients. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and cardiac computed tomography (CCT) are noninvasive imaging methods with high sensitivity and specificity, useful for the establishment of diagnosis and prognosis of HCM, and for the screening of patients with sub...

Dynamic obstruction to left ventricular (LV) outflow as a result of mitral valve systolic anterior motion is a potentially deleterious facet of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).1–4 In many patients, outflow obstruction is largely responsible for disabling symptoms of heart failure such as exertional dyspnea (often with chest pain), fatigue, and orthopnea.1,3 Consequently, treatment interventio...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease state with characteristic pathologic changes most likely to result in abnormalities of diastolic function. Indeed, HCM may well be considered a “poster child” for diastolic dysfunction, because pronounced ventricular hypertrophy is associated with a reduced left ventricular (LV) cavity. The pressurevolume relationship would almost certainly be shif...

The clinical spectrum of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is complex and includes a variety of phenotypes, which leads to different types of manifestations. Although most of the patients are asymptomatic, a significant proportion of them will develop symptoms or risk of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Therefore, the objectives of HCM diagnosis and management are to relieve the pati...

Background The differential diagnosis of hypertrophic phenotype remains challenging in clinical practice, in particular between hypertrophy cardiomyopathy (HCM) and increased left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) due to systemic hypertension. Diffuse myocardial fibrosis is the characteristic feature in HCM, whereas hypertensive response is underpinned by addition of myofibrils in otherwise nor...

BACKGROUND Nonobstructive hypertrophy localized to the cardiac apex is an uncommon morphological variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) that often is further distinguished by distinct giant negative T waves and a benign clinical course. The genetic relationship between HCM with typical hypertrophic morphology versus isolated apical hypertrophy is incompletely understood. METHODS AND RES...

PATIENT Male, 2 FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Symptoms: Congestive heart failure Medication: - Clinical Procedure: Left ventricular septal myectomy • repair of congenital heart disease Specialty: Cardiology. OBJECTIVE Rare disease. BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is uncommon in Down syndrome (DS). When combined with congenital heart disease (CHD) both...

Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) belongs to the very heterogeneous group of cardiomyopathies. This study aimed myocardial perfusion abnormalities on scintigraphy and assess risk sudden death from ventricular arrhythmia in hereditary sarcomeric HCM. Patients Methods: is a retrospective prospective descriptive over 18 months (January 01, 2021, July 31, 2022) records patients with d...