Figure 1. Diffuse maculopapular rash that appeared simultaneously with high fever, progressive abdominal distention, and massive gastrointestinal bleeding. Diagnosis: Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome in a patient with human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. The duodenal sample obtained through a nasogastric tube showed multiple filariform larvae of Strongyloides s...

Figure 1. Peripheral blood smear showing flower or floret cell (arrow) with characteristic cerebriform nucleus associated with human T cell lymphotropic virus infection. Diagnosis: human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection with associated Strongyloides stercoralis hyperin-fection and bacterial (i.e., vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium) meningitis. HTLV-1 is a single-stran...