Glycemic spikes may negatively affect the long-term prognosis of patients with diabetes. Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are intracellular mediators of cell proliferation, and they can be activated in response to high glucose levels. However, the modifications of their activity in response to hyperglycemia have been poorly investigated, in vivo, in humans. Thus, we sought to deter...

Hyperglycemia is common and associated with markedly increased mortality rates in patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Despite the fact that several studies have documented this association, hyperglycemia remains underappreciated as a risk factor, and it is frequently untreated in ACS patients. This is in large part due to limitations of prior studies, and the remaining cr...

Diabetic nephropathy is a progressive kidney disease caused by damage to the capillaries in the glomeruli. Endothelial dysfunction is an early sign of diabetic cardiovascular disease and may contribute to progressive diabetic nephropathy. Hyperglycemia-induced endothelial hyperpermeability is crucial to diabetic nephropathy. Rutin has beneficial effects on diabetic nephropathy, but the exact me...

Physiological hyperglycemia with hyperinsulinemia reduces fat oxidation in skeletal muscle. The mechanism responsible for this decrease in fat oxidation in human muscle is not known and may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. We hypothesized that the transfer of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) into the mitochondria via carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) is inhibited by inc...

The pathophysiology, consequences, and management of hyperglycemia during critical illness is an important clinical issue. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia in this setting is associated with a variety of adverse events, including mortality. The kidneys have a major role in glucose and insulin metabolism, and emerging evidence suggests that they both are actively involved in the development, maintenan...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether age influences the association between obesity and hyperglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The subjects were 57,576 Japanese male and female workers aged 35-70 years. The associations of adiposity indices, including BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio, with risk for hyperglycemia were compared among different age ...

Chronic hyperglycemia, usually assessed from HbA1c determinations, results in excessive glycation and generation of oxidative stress. As a consequence, chronic hyperglycemia has been identified as a risk factor for diabetes complications leading to accelerated atherosclerosis. Both fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia contribute to this process. However the acute glucose fluctuations that occ...

Background and Purpose—Hyperglycemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in acute ischemic stroke. Summary of Review—Hyperglycemia induces a pro-oxidative and proinflammatory state that can cause direct neuronal toxicity. Hyperglycemia-mediated increase in matrix metalloproteinase-9 can cause neuronal damage by an increase in cerebral edema. Moreover, hyperglycemia may be respo...

Diabetes is a group of chronic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia injures the human body in many different ways. Modern medical care therefore uses a vast array of lifestyle and pharmaceutical interventions aimed at preventing and controlling hyperglycemia. One of the chief injuries arising from hyperglycemia is injury to vasculature, which is classified as either sm...