Background and Aims: Enteric diseases have had detrimental impacts on commercial poultry through depressing growth rates and caused considerable economic losses to poultry producers. Chicken astrovirus (CAstV) is one of the most common viruses related to enteric diseases in chickens, especially in young chicks. Materials and Methods: Chicken astroviruses were detected by reverse transcriptase ...

Contents 1 An introduction to inquisitive semantics 1 1.1 Information states and the classical update perspective .

Clostridium botulinum type B was detected by multiplex PCR in the intestinal contents of a suddenly deceased 11-week-old infant and in vacuum cleaner dust from the patient's household. C. botulinum was also isolated from the deceased infant's intestinal contents and from the household dust. The genetic similarity of the two isolates was demonstrated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and rando...

Epsilon toxin (ETX), a pore-forming toxin produced by type B and D strains of Clostridium perfringens, mediates severe enterotoxemia in livestock and possibly plays a role in human disease. During enterotoxemia, the nearly inactive ETX prototoxin is produced in the intestines but then must be activated by proteolytic processing. The current study sought to examine ETX prototoxin processing and ...

The physiological phenomenon of mydriasis may be produced by the action of a number of alkaloidal bodies, and is known to bear a certain relationship to their chemical structure. A dilatation of the pupil may theoretically be produced by a paralysis of the circular muscle fibres of the iris, or of the endings of the oculo-motor nerve, or by the stimulation of the radial muscle fibres, or of the...

objective(s) this study was aimed to assess the possible laxative and prokinetic effects of the boiled extract of rosa damascena. materials and methods rats in two groups (n= 7) of test and control were gavaged either with the extract or placebo, respectively. the number, weight and water percentage of feces were studied up to 24 hr. in order to assess the possible osmotic laxative effects of t...

and intestinal contents is also apparent from a time-course graph (Fig. 1). The amount of methylmercuric chloride produced by the caecal contents is not directly proportional to the time of incubation, but instead rises rapidly to a peak at 2670h and then falls with further incubation. In the presence of the intestinal contents, the peak (at 48h) is sharper, and virtually no HgCI, is methylated...