Lead belongs to the group of blood poisons that impair synthesis porphyrins and heme. Under industrial conditions, only chronic lead poisoning can develop. have effect material cumulation. The half-life is 20 years. Once in body, it deposited many organs form insoluble tribasic phosphates. A significant part trabeculae bones. influence provoking factors, an intensive release from depot be obser...

BACKGROUND Unprotected hydrodynamic debridement can produce aerosols, with the risk of cross-contamination and infection for patients and medical staff. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hygienic safety and the role of aerosol prevention of a pulsatile debridement. METHODS & MATERIALS Bacterial emissions during debridement of chronic ulcer wounds of seven patients using the Debri-Jet hydrodynamic i...

Hygienic behavior (HB) is one of the natural mechanisms of honey bee for limiting the spread of brood diseases and Varroa destructor parasitic mite. Objective of our study was to measure HB of Apis mellifera unicolor colonies (N = 403) from three geographic regions (one infested and two free of V. destructor) in Madagascar. The pin-killing method was used for evaluation of the HB. Responses wer...

AIMS To investigate the effects of smoking and personal hygienic behaviour on blood lead (BPb) and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels (FEP) in lead exposed workers. METHODS Subjects were 105 lead exposed male workers in a battery recycling plant during the years 2000-03. BPb and FEP were measured as part of the ongoing occupational surveillance. Each worker completed a questionnaire for a...

Methods to assess household excreta disposal practices are critical for informing public health outcomes of efforts to improve sanitation in developing countries. We present a new metric, the Safe San Index (SSI), to quantify the hygienic safety of a household's defecation and human feces disposal practices in India, where behavioral outcomes from on-going public expenditures to construct house...

Background: This study aimed to assess the pattern of hygienic behaviors of Iranian children and adolescents at national and sub-national levels according to the socioeconomic status (SES) of their living region. Methods: Data were obtained from the fourth national school-based surveillance survey entitled, "CASPIANIV study" (2011-2012). It was conducted among 14,880 students, aged 6-18 years, ...

The purpose of this study was the evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infections in children and adults from two indigenous communities of Delta Amacuro State, Venezuela, that differ in hygienic conditions of the housing. The evaluation was performed in 98 children (mean age 7 +/- 3.37 years) and their mothers (33.96 +/- 13.77 years) from two communities of Warao lineage. Anti-H. pylori serum IgG...

The study aims to increase community awareness at the household level about certain hygienic practices and water quality in order to develop an effective program that will target improving specific hygiene-related behavior. The study was carried out in two Palestinian villages and applies a quasi-experimental design where chemical and biological water quality analysis as well as residential beh...

In Apis mellifera, hygienic behavior involves recognition and removal of sick, damaged or dead brood from capped cells. We investigated whether bees react in the same way to grouped versus isolated damaged capped brood cells. Three colonies of wild-type Africanized honey bees and three colonies of Carniolan honey bees were used for this investigation. Capped worker brood cells aged 12 to 14 day...

OBJECTIVE To update information on the clinical and microbiologic characteristics of pediatric vulvovaginitis in Korean prepubertal girls. METHODS A total of 120 girls (aged 0 to 9 years) with culture-confirmed pediatric vulvovaginitis, diagnosed between 2009 and 2014, were enrolled in the study. The epidemiologic and microbiologic characteristics, and clinical outcomes were assessed. Patient...