Ultrahydrophobicity of a rough surface is mainly attributed to the entrapped gas under a drop. Two criteria were proposed for the entrapped gas: an intruding angle criterion and an intruding depth criterion. These two criteria are that the intruding angle must be less than the maximum asperity slope angle and the intruding depth must be less than the height of the asperities. The intruding angl...

Using first-principles calculations, we investigate the band structure evolution and topological phase transitions in TlBiS2 and TlSbS2 under hydrostatic pressure as well as uniaxial and biaxial strain. The phase transitions are identified by parity analysis and by calculating the surface states. Zero, one, and four Dirac cones are found for the (111) surfaces of both TlBiS2 and TlSbS2 when the...

The scattering techniques are very convenient and effective in investigation of the shape, size and interactions of biological molecules close to their natural states in solution. However, it seems that from among a wide spectrum of scattering techniques, the light scattering ones have been relatively rarely used for the study of proteins under elevated hydrostatic pressure. This paper gives a ...

Submersed superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit great potential for reducing flow resistance in microchannels and drag of submersed bodies. However, the low stability of liquid-air interfaces on those surfaces limits the scope of their application, especially under high liquid pressure. In this paper, we first investigate the wetting states on submersed hydrophobic surfaces with one-level structure...

Strong pinning depends on the pinning force strength and number density of effective defects. Using the hydrostatic pressure method, we demonstrate here that hydrostatic pressure of 1.2 GPa can significantly enhance flux pinning or the critical current density (Jc) of optimally doped Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 crystals by a factor of up to 5 in both low and high fields, which is generally rare with other ...

BACKGROUND Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by degeneration of neurons due to loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). High intraocular pressure (HIOP), the main risk factor, causes the optic nerve damage. However, the precise mechanism of HIOP-induced RGC death is not yet completely understood. This study was conducted to determine apoptosis of RGC-5 cells induced by elev...

Although overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) 165 in the lung causes pulmonary oedema, its role in human acute lung injury (ALI) is unclear. VEGF levels are reported to be lower in bronchoalveolar lavage from ALI patients compared with normals, but these studies did not include a comparably ill control group with noninflammatory pulmonary oedema. The current authors hypot...

Star formation in relic HII regions of the first stars is investigated using magneto-hydrodynamical simulations with a nested grid method that covers ∼ 10 orders of magnitude in spatial scale and ∼ 20 orders of magnitude in density contrast. Due to larger fraction of H2 and HD molecules, its prestellar thermal evolution is considerably different from that in the first star formation. Reflecting...

Our previous studies have shown that hydrostatic pressure can serve as an active regulator for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The current work further investigates the roles of cytoskeletal regulatory proteins Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) and Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) in hydrostatic pressure-related effects on BMSCs. Flow cytometry assays showed t...

Dear Editor: Miyamoto et al show that intravitreal triamcinolone reduces macular edema as early as 1 hour after injection. They suggest that the time pattern demands that nongenomic mechanisms must be involved in the therapeutic effect of triamcinolone on retinal edema. Vasogenic edema in all tissues, including the retina, may be understood in terms of Starling’s law, by which the balance of hy...