The previously isolated cDNA encoding human adenylate kinase (AK) isozyme 3 was recently renamed AK4. Consequently, human AK3 cDNA remains to be identified and we have little information about the functional relationship between human AK3 and AK4. In pursuit of the physiological roles of both the AK3 and AK4 proteins, we first isolated an authentic human AK3 cDNA and compared their expression. ...

medicinal plants have been investigated for possible anti-cancer effects. the aim of the present study was to examine the cytotoxic activity of several medicinal plants on different tumor cell lines. 11 selected plant species which have been used in folkloric prescriptions were collected from different sites of hamedan district of iran. the methanolic extracts of the plants were prepared and th...

Chemokine receptors belong to a superfamily of proteins that signal through coupled heterotrimeric G proteins. Chemokine receptor CCR5 is the major co-receptor essential for HIV entry into host cells, and now chemokine CCR5 receptor has become an important target in searching for anti-HIV drugs. Here, we describe the establishment of a human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293/CCR5-HA cell line stably e...

Background and Aims: It has been proven that human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) conditioned medium (hMSCs-CM) can influence human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) chondrogenic differentiation. In this study, we hypothesized that conditioned medium (CM) from hESCs-derived MSCs in a sequential 3D-2D culture system could facilitate the induction of chondrogenesis in hESCs. Materials and Methods: CM ...

Background: We have recently shown that human embryonic (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can differentiate into advanced spermatogenic cells including round spermatids by in vitro culture (Easley et al., Direct differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into haploid spermatogenic cells. Cell Reports 2, 440-446 2012) and also, in collaboration, that rhesus spermatogonial ...

STUDY QUESTION Can human embryonic stem cell-derived trophoblastic spheroids be used to study the early stages of implantation? SUMMARY ANSWER We generated a novel human embryonic stem cell-derived trophoblastic spheroid model mimicking human blastocysts in the early stages of implantation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Both human embryos and choriocarcinoma cell line derived spheroids can attach o...