BACKGROUND indeterminate Western blot (WB) patterns are a major concern for diagnosis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection, even in non-endemic areas. OBJECTIVES (a) to define the prevalence of indeterminate WB among different populations from Argentina; (b) to evaluate if low proviral load (PVL) is associated with indeterminate WB profiles; and (c) to describe mutatio...

BACKGROUND We previously suggested that infection with the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) subtype C is associated with bronchiectasis among Indigenous Australians. Bronchiectasis might therefore result from an HTLV-1-mediated inflammatory process that is typically associated with a high HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL). Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 PVL have not been reported for Indi...

Sir, Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I). The characteristic clinical features of ATL include generalized lymphadenopathy, leukemic cells of T-cell origin with highly convoluted nuclei, skin involvement, hypercalcemia and rapid progress of the clinical course. Relatively high rates of HTLV-I infection ...

BACKGROUND Here, we report on the partial and full-length genomic (FLG) variability of HTLV-1 sequences from 90 well-characterized subjects, including 48 HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers (ACs), 35 HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and 7 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) patients, using an Illumina paired-end protocol. METHODS Blood samples were collected from...

HTLV-1–associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) develops in a subset of human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)–infected individuals.1 Its evolution is chronic and progressive, without remission.2 Recently, a study using a histone deacetylase inhibitor reported, for the first time, a spectacular decline in the HTLV-I proviral load in a series of HAM/TSP patients.3 Unfortu...

To investigate the pathogenesis of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated chronic inflammatory arthropathy (HAAP), we sought to detect proviral DNA in the articular lesions. For the detection of proviral DNA, we used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Proviral DNA was detected not only in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synovial fluid cells (SFCs), but a...

Most individuals infected with human T lymphocyte virus (HTLV) type 1 or 2 will not develop the disease related to this virus, remaining asymptomatic for the rest of their lives. This fact has important implications for prospective counseling and evaluation of this population. Individuals infected with this virus, once identified, should be submitted to anamnesis and complete physical examinati...

The influence of human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type II (HTLV-II) in individuals also infected with HIV-1 is poorly understood. To evaluate the reciprocal influence of HTLV-II and HIV-1 infection, primary peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from coinfected individuals were established in the presence of interleukin 2 (IL-2). In these cultures, the kinetics of HTLV-II replica...