Genetically modified, i.e. transgenic crops, are now being grown on several million acres throughout the world, mainly in North America. Most of these ‘first generation’ products have specific agronomic traits designed to improve the efficiency of production. For example herbicide tolerant soybean and insect resistant corn are the two most widely grown transgenic crops. Increasingly, the new tr...

Many hundreds of household and industrial products can be volatilized readily and are subject to abuse. Inhalant abuse research has been hampered by a lack of consensus on whether or not there are subclassifications of abused inhalants based on chemical structure, form or intended use of the product or pharmacological properties. This paper discusses strengths and weaknesses of various approach...

Halal businesses include agriculture, filter aid products, food additives, beauty and personnel care products, halal beverages, halal chemicals, halal eating, halal food ingredients, halal food products, halal packaging and machinery, halal restaurants, halal shipping and logistics, health and medical, household, industrial and chemical products, Islamic clothing and textiles and other business...

Inhalant Abuse or commonly known as “Glue Sniffing”, has emerged as one of the important form of Drug Addiction in the present world particularly Asian countries. The mind-blowing fact remains that the children and adolescents are the common victims to it resulting in severe brain damage and behavioural abnormalities, liver and kidney failure, suffocation and even death in some cases. The inhal...

The putative association between pesticide exposures and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. We identified all subjects who developed PD in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1976 through 1995, and matched them by age (+/- 1 year) and sex to general population controls. We assessed exposures to chemical products by means of telephone interview with cases, controls, or their proxies (14...

Microbial lipases are an important group of biotechnologically valuable enzymes, because of the versatility of their applied properties and ease of mass production. Lipases of microbial origin are widely diversified in their enzymatic properties and substrate specificity, which make them very attractive for industrial applications. This review describes the applications of microbial lipases in ...

Preservatives are chemicals that are added to products that contain an aqueous phase. These include cosmetics, topical medications, household products, foods, and industrial products such as glues, paints, dyes, metalworking fluids, and spin finishes. They are biocidal or biostatic, inhibiting the overgrowth of micro-organisms and protecting and retarding the chemical degradation of the product...

BACKGROUND In households and food processing plants, minute food residues left behind from improper cleaning may influence the survivability of human norovirus on surfaces. In this study, the survivability of norovirus on desiccated food residue-attached stainless steel coupons was investigated. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using murine norovirus-1 (MNV-1) as a surrogate of human norovirus,...

The mass production and application of chemicals in different areas of plant and animal sciences cause a serious contamination to the immediate environment. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is also known as Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) and commonly used in household, kitchen and laundry uses as a detergent ingredient and others. The description of SDS is important because it is now entered into the ...

Oxidative stress is involved in many ocular diseases and injuries. The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favour of oxidants (oxidative stress) leads to the damage and may be highly involved in ocular aging processes. The anterior eye segment and mainly the cornea are directly exposed to noxae of external environment, such as air pollution, radiation, cigarette smoke, vapors or gase...