We have studied prospectively, in nine children requiring sedation to facilitate mechanical ventilation, the metabolic, biochemical and haemodynamic effects of infusion of propofol. Children were given infusions of propofol 1-4mg kg-1 h-1 and fentanyl 1-5 micrograms kg-1 h-1 for 48 h. Heart rate, arterial pressure, central venous pressure, fluid balance and urine output were recorded hourly and...

Four foreign exchange spot rate series, recorded on an hourly basis for a six-month period in 1986 are examined. A seasonal GARCH model is developed to describe the time-dependent volatility apparent in the percentage nominal return of each currency. Hourly patterns in volatility are found to be remarkably similar across currencies and appear to be related to the opening and closing of the worl...

In this paper we present, demonstrate and validate a method for predicting city-wide electricity gains from photovoltaic panels based on detailed 3D urban massing models combined with Daysim-based hourly irradiation simulations, typical meteorological year climactic data and hourly calculated rooftop temperatures. The resulting data can be combined with online mapping technologies and search en...

Abstract The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) is a convection-allowing implementation of the Advanced Research version Weather and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) Model with hourly data assimilation that covers conterminous United States Alaska runs in real time at NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). Implemented operationally NOAA/NCEP 2014, HRRR features 3-km horizontal grid s...

Because of its dense population, extreme precipitation, in particular hourly precipitation (HEP), is receiving increasing attention from both academic and public bodies eastern China. Based on a continuous 50-year record reanalysis data, we show here for the first time that changes HEP occurrence are dominated by duration Meiyu front system. Further analyses reveal greater northeastern China, l...

OBJECTIVES The work reported here focuses on developing novel techniques which enable an expert to detect inconsistencies in 2 (or more) perspectives that the expert might have on the same (classification) task. The high level task which the experts (physicians) had set themselves was to classify, on a 5-point severity scale (A-E), the hourly reports produced by an intensive care unit's patient...

Hourly irradiance values are essential data to reasonably estimate the electric power production (EPP) from a photovoltaic (PV) system. Worldwide monthly irradiance data are available from meteorological observation satellites; however, adequate hourly data are not widely available in developing countries or rural areas where PV systems are needed most. Aiming to supply such data, this study co...

Aim—To study the eVect of enteral feeding on splanchnic blood flow velocity in preterm infants. Method—Coeliac axis and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) blood flow velocity were measured longitudinally in a cohort of 61 babies using Doppler ultrasound. Results—Babies fed 1 hourly had significantly higher preprandial SMA peak systolic velocity (PSV) than those fed 3 hourly (70 vs 53 cm/s). Those...