A homozygous CGRP-/- mouse line was generated by the targeted disruption of exon 5 in the calcitonin/alphaCGRP gene using homologous recombination. The mutant mice lack alphaCGRP mRNA. Furthermore CGRP immunoreactivity almost completely disappears from the spinal cord and is not at all observed in spinal ganglia and muscle synapses. However, motor end plates were still detected by acetylcholine...

This study presents a systematic analysis of wetted region due to cooling of aluminum plate by water spray impingement with respect to different water flow rates, spray nozzle heights, and subcooling. Unlike jet impingement, the wetting is not commenced upon spray impingement and there is a delay in wetness of hot test surface. After initiation, the wetting (black zone) progresses gradually to ...

[1] Although an average westward rotation of the Earth’s lithosphere is indicated by global analyses of surface features tied to the deep mantle (e.g., hot spot tracks), the rate of lithospheric drift is uncertain despite its importance to global geodynamics. We use a global viscous flow model to predict asthenospheric anisotropy computed from linear combinations of mantle flow fields driven by...

Deviation of a slab width from the desired value in hot plate mills has caused signijicant yield loss by trimming and demanded tighter width tolerances of rolled plates. This necessitates vertical rolling with considerable width accuracy. In this papec a slab width control system is proposed in order to meet the stringent requirement on the plate dimensional tolerance. The control system adopts...

Two national metrology institutes have conducted an international interlaboratory comparison on thermal conductivity for two thermal insulation reference materials. The Laboratoire national de métrologie et d’essais (LNE), France, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States, present measurements obtained by the guarded-hot-plate method. The study involved two ma...

objective(s): we aimed to examine association of gene expression of mor1 and glun1 at mrna level in the lumbosacral cord and midbrain with morphine tolerance in male wistar rats. materials and methods: analgesic effects of morphine administrated intraperitoneally at doses of 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg were examined using a hot plate test in rats with and without a history of 15 days morphine (10 mg...

ferula assa-foetida l . is distributed throughout central asia and mediterranean area and grows wildly in iran and afghanistan. asafoetida is an oleo-gum-resin that is the exudates of the roots of ferula assa-foetida and some other ferula species. in iranian traditional medicine, asafoetida is considered to be sedative, analgesic, carminative, antispasmodic, diuretic, antihelmintic, emmenagogue...

objectives this study was designed to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of n. depauperata in male mice. materials and methods the anti-nociceptive activities of the extract were investigated by the formalin test and hot plate test respectively. comparisons between the groups were carried out using one-way analysis of variance (anova), and post hoc tukey test. results n. ...

Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) is a promising thermal insulator for buildings, refrigerator, LNG carrier and so on. In general, it has the thermal conductivity of 2~4 mW/m·K. However, this thermal conductivity is that measured at the center of VIP. The total effective thermal conductivity of VIP is larger than this value due to the edge conduction through the envelope. In this paper, the edge co...