Mycoplasmas are most unusual self-replicating bacteria, possessing very small genomes, lacking cell wall components, requiring cholesterol for membrane function and growth, using UGA codon for tryptophan, passing through "bacterial-retaining" filters, and displaying genetic economy that requires a strict dependence on the host for nutrients and refuge. In addition, many of the mycoplasmas patho...

In this paper, we analyze an emerging economic form, called fans economy, in which a fan donates money to the host and gets allocated proportional to the amount of his donation (normalized by the overall amount of donation). Fans economy is the major way live streaming apps monetize and includes a number of popular economic forms ranging from crowdfunding to mutual fund. We propose an auction g...

With the rapid development of economy, China, as a country which attracts lots of multinational companies investing in and reaping their benefits, now plays an increasing important role as a source of investment all around the world. And more and more Chinese enterprises try their best to expend overseas market. In this paper, based on the perspective of investment motives, I use fixed effect m...

451 Address correspondence to Nikolaos Pappas, London School of Hospitality and Tourism, University of West London, Ealing, W5 5RF, London, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Cheng, & Qin, 2013, p. 245). The hosting of events has an impact on long-term tourism, and it benefits the local economy and its host population by job creation, income generation, investment attraction, extension of th...

The decisions of foreign investors on technical cooperation versus equity engagements and on the degree of ownership in FDI projects are likely to depend on their relative bargaining position vis-àvis the host country. India provides an interesting case for analyzing the interplay between countryof-origin characteristics and host-country characteristics and their respective effects on ownership...

A learning perspective was applied to examining when multinational corporations select universities rather than local firms as partners in international R&D alliances. Data were collected on 327 international R&D alliances established over the 1995–2001 period in China, an emerging economy where intellectual property rights protection is still far from adequate, over the 1995–2001 period. The e...

We present a model for a host-parasite system in which parasites affect the economy of fish farming. The fish is sea-bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, and the parasite is a helminthic ectoparasite, Diplectanum aequans, which adheres to the branchiae of the host and, when present in sufficient number, kill it by suffocation. The improved model incorporates two important features observed in the fish f...

Global cities are defined, on the one hand, as the major command and control centres of the world economy and, on the other hand, as the most significant sites of the production of innovation. As command and control centres, they are home to the headquarters of the most powerful MNCs of the global economy, while as sites for the production of innovation they are supposed to be the most importan...

Does organizat ional learning as measured by experience in a host coun t ry a f f ec t i n t e rna t iona l expansion performance? I f so, does s u c h a relat ionship between exper i ence and per formance ho ld over t ime? How d o the env ironmental forces in the host country a f f e c t s u c h a r e l a t i o n s h i p ? Focusing on organizational learning by m u l t i n a t i o n a l e n t...

We present a potential misalignment that many emerging economies may face with respect to the advent of networked organisations. We argue that although it may seem that networked organisations appear to offer a viable option for the progress of a nation, a deeper analysis suggests otherwise. This will be exemplified through the case of The Engineering Corporation and its presence in India. Whil...